Bar Chart

Band 8+: The bar chart below describes the gross domestic spending on research and development in five countries between 2001 and 2011. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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Image for topic: The bar chart below describes the gross domestic spending on research and development in five countries between 2001 and 2011. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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The image displays a bar chart showing gross domestic spending on Research and Development in five countries for the years 2001, 2005, and 2011. China: 2001-0.9%, 2005-1.3%, 2011-1.9%. France: 2001-2.1%, 2005-2.1%, 2011-2.3%. Spain: 2001-0.9%, 2005-1.1%, 2011-1.4%. UK: 2001-1.9%, 2005-1.8%, 2011-2.0%. USA: 2001-2.6%, 2005-2.6%, 2011-2.8%.

Given the complexity of the image, the above description may not be entirely accurate.

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The bar chart illustrates the gross domestic expenditure on research and development in five different nations from 2001 to 2011.

Overall, it is noticeable that the percentage of expenditure showed a upward trend in China and Spain throughout the period, except in France, UK. USA, which had some fluctuations. Notably, both China and Spain accounted for the smallest share at the beginning of the period, whereas the USA recorded the highest percentage in the final year.

To begin with, both China and Spain increased throughout the period. However, China stood at just above 0.8% in 2001, and afterwards, it experienced a slight rise to 1.3% in 2005 before rising substantially to 1.8% in 2011. Spain followed a similar trajectory, albeit at a less steep rate than China. It showed nearly the same percentage as China at the beginning of the period, after which it increased slightly to 1.1% in 2005 before continuing to grow to 1.3% in 2011.

Conversely, France, the UK and the USA had some fluctuations over the period. The percentage of spending in France stood at around 2.1% in 2001, compared with the UK at around 1.5% and the USA, which recorded the highest figure in the first year, which stood at 2.6%. However, France decreased slightly to 1.9% in 2005 and recovered to 2.2% in 2011, whilst the UK followed a similar pattern, declining marginally to 1.4% and recovered to 1.6%. A similar but more pronounced change occurred in the USA, which dropped minimally to 2.4% in 2005 and recovered to 2.8% in 2011.

Word Count: 258

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Overall Band Score

(+/- 0.5)

Vocabulary Complexity:
B2 - Upper Intermediate
Opt for even more advanced words when appropriate.

Grammar Mistakes: N/A

Vocabulary Repetition:

china: 6

period: 5

which: 5

percentage: 4

spain: 4

france: 4

stood: 3

similar: 3

recovered: 3

Try using synonyms for the above words

Task Response

The report effectively addresses the task by providing an overview and detailed comparisons. However, there are some inaccuracies in the data (e.g., France's 2005 value, UK's 2001 and 2011 values, and the description of trends for France, UK, and USA). The overall structure is clear, but ensure that all figures and trends are accurately reported to fully meet the task requirements.

Coherence & Cohesion

The report is well-organized with a clear introduction, overview, and body paragraphs. The use of cohesive devices is effective, and the progression of ideas is logical. However, there are minor lapses in cohesion, such as the phrase 'except in France, UK. USA' which is awkwardly phrased and disrupts the flow. Additionally, the final paragraph could be more clearly structured to separate the description of each country. Overall, the message is easy to follow, and paragraphing is managed well.

Lexical Resource

The report demonstrates a good range of vocabulary with appropriate use of terms like 'gross domestic expenditure', 'upward trend', 'fluctuations', and 'trajectory'. There is some flexibility in expression, and the language is generally natural. However, there are a few inaccuracies and awkward phrasings, such as 'showed a upward trend' (should be 'an upward trend') and 'except in France, UK. USA' which is not idiomatic. The use of 'whilst' and 'albeit' shows sophistication, but the overall control could be more precise. To improve, focus on using more varied and precise vocabulary, and ensure collocations are correct.

Grammatical Range & Accuracy

The report uses a variety of sentence structures, including complex sentences with subordinate clauses, which demonstrates good grammatical range. There are minor errors, such as 'a upward trend' (article error) and 'France, UK. USA' (punctuation and phrasing issue). Additionally, some sentences are slightly awkward, like 'which had some fluctuations' and 'which dropped minimally to 2.4% in 2005 and recovered to 2.8% in 2011' (the use of 'which' could be improved). Overall, grammar and punctuation are mostly accurate, but there is room for improvement in terms of precision and naturalness. To achieve a higher score, ensure that all articles and punctuation are used correctly, and refine sentence structures for clarity.

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Band 8+: The bar chart below describes the gross domestic spending on research and development in five countries between 2001 and 2011. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Check Your Answer On This Topic?

Generate A Band-9 Sample Answer?

Overall Band Score

Task Response

Coherence & Cohesion

Lexical Resource

Grammatical Range & Accuracy

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The bar chart below describes the gross domestic spending on research and development in five countries between 2001 and 2011. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The bar chart below describes the gross domestic spending on research and development in five countries between 2001 and 2011. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The bar chart below describes the gross domestic spending on research and development in five countries between 2001 and 2011. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The bar chart below describes the gross domestic spending on research and development in five countries between 2001 and 2011. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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