The diagram illustrates the blueprint of a contemporary landfill designed for the disposal of household waste.
Overall, the process can be delineated into four stages. These stages commence with the establishment of the landfill and culminate in its closure.
Initially, a large excavation is undertaken below the earth’s surface, fashioned in the shape of a trapezoidal prism, above a bed of natural rock. Subsequently, a layer of clay is applied, followed by a synthetic covering intended to prevent the infiltration of toxic waste into the earth’s strata. Concurrently, a network of drainage pipes and a drainage bank are installed through these aforementioned layers to segregate liquid effluents from solid waste.
Upon completion of the landfill’s construction, it is filled with household refuse. As leachate filters through, it settles at the base and collects in a drainage reservoir, subsequently evacuated through the installed pipes. The waste is then compacted into a slurry-like substance, topped with a clay cap, and equipped with a system to vent emitted gases.