The line graph provides information about how the population size, birth and death rates changed in two countries England and Wales between 1700 and 2000.
It can be seen from the graph that, the population size experienced an upward trend, whereas both birth rate and death rate followed a considerable fluctuating pattern throughout the period.
The death and birth rate followed a similar trend from 1700 to 1950. The death rate increased from approximately 27 deaths in 1700 to 36 deaths in 1750 per 1000 people. Similarly, the birth rate also rose from 30 to 40 births during the same period. Both rates remained stable over the next 50 years, until 1800. Thereafter, the two rates declined significantly to 22 and 20 respectively for the birth and death rate although the birth rate fluctuated noticeably. In the final period, from 1950 to 2000, death rate plateaued. However, the birth rate grew sharply to approximately 36 births per 1,000 people.
In contrast, population size witnessed a steady upward trajectory over the period. The population size increased consistently from 3 million in 1700 to 10 million in 1750. After rising sharply, the population size levelled off at 10 million between 1750 and 1800. Growth then accelerated dramatically, with the population reaching about 25 million in 1850 and 35 million in 1900. Thereafter, the population growth continued to rise, and the figure eventually reached about 50 million by 2000.