Skyrocket your IELTS speaking band score by 1-2 points in under a month with real-time AI conversations!
Practice dictation & shadowing on the daily life story: National Football League
Dictation & Shadowing: National Football League
0 / 26
Total Correct Answers:
0
/ 26
(1)
National Football League
(2)
The NFL National Football League is one of the wealthiest and most powerful sports organizations in the world.
(3)
Many of the single franchises or teams are worth 200 to $300 million each.
(4)
As such, each team should be thought of as a major corporation.
(5)
American Style football, of which the NFL maintains a complete monopoly over the elite professional ranks, has its roots in English rugby, which was played in US Eastern colleges and universities in the 19th century.
(6)
However, rugby did not have features in keeping with American cultural norms.
(7)
So US football aroused out of norms consistent with American Society, such as clearly measured possession of territory and the expansion of frontiers through conquering new land.
(8)
Walter Camp, a Yale player, devised the rules of the American game in 1880.
(9)
He introduced downs into the game, or breaks so that teams could reassess their position and prepare for the next attack.
(10)
This was in stark contrast to rugby's non-stop and more flowing play.
(11)
This move would, years later, be crucial to the sport's success with natural breaks and play.
(12)
The game would be 1 conducive to American commercial television, which relies on advertisement breaks for the generation of revenue.
(13)
Equally important was the later inclusion of the forward pass into the game.
(14)
This made the game appear more offensive, and the famous Hail Mary Long Pass is, to this day one of the most dramatic plays in sport.
(15)
Football.
(16)
Success as a dominant American sport alongside baseball, was secured in the 1960s with some important contracts with television networks.
(17)
The ABC Television network sponsored A rival American Football League to compete with the other dominant National Football League.
(18)
ABC Television did not hide the fact that the rival league was created for the sole purpose of creating more leverage with advertisers.
(19)
After gaining greater legitimacy and earning more revenue, the upstart AFL was able to negotiate independently with other television networks and sign on big name players.
(20)
The most notable was Dark quarterback Joe Namath.
(21)
With the AFL rising as a legitimate business competitor, the NFL and AFL negotiated A merger resulting in the NFL League as it is known to this day.
(22)
Since the merger, the NFL has maintained almost a complete monopoly over American professional football.
(23)
Football.
(24)
Success then, has has been a reflection of the ideals of American Society and more specifically of American style commercial enterprise.
(25)
The league's success has in no small part been due to the relationship between the media and the sport.
(26)
In a sense, football is a perfect example of a modern media generated sport successfully linking American norms and values with a sport tailor made for commercial profit.