The flow chart illustrates the process of photosynthesis and its function.
Overall, the process consists of several distinct cycles that occur simultaneously, starting with chlorophyll absorbing green wavelengths from sunlight and ending with the release of oxygen.
The process begins when chlorophyll in the plant’s leaves absorbs light energy from the sun, particularly green wavelengths. At the same time, carbon dioxide enters the leaf through tiny openings called stomata, located in the epidermis and cuticle. Water, absorbed by the plant’s roots, travels up the stem to the leaves, where it combines with carbon dioxide and sunlight to produce sugar. This sugar provides food for the plant, supporting its growth and overall function.
During photosynthesis, the plant releases oxygen and water vapour through the stomata. This process, known as transpiration, helps the plant maintain its water balance. The roots absorb water from the soil to replace what is lost through the leaves. Any excess sugar produced is stored as starch in the roots, providing energy for the plant during periods of limited sunlight or water.