The diagram illustrates the process of photosynthesis, which is how green plants produce their own food using natural resources.
Overall, photosynthesis is a linear biological process that consists of several stages and results in the production of glucose and oxygen, both of which are essential for plant growth and life on Earth.
At the beginning of the process, water is absorbed from the soil through the roots and transported upwards to the leaves via the stem. At the same time, carbon dioxide enters the leaves through small openings known as stomata. When sunlight reaches the leaf surface, chlorophyll absorbs light energy and initiates a chemical reaction.
As a result of this reaction, water and carbon dioxide combine to form glucose, which provides energy for the plant. Any excess sugar is stored in the roots as starch. Meanwhile, oxygen and water vapour are released into the atmosphere through the stomata as by-products of photosynthesis.