The diagram illustrates how a neural network functions and its biological composition. At a glance, this nerve cell consists of five elements that facilitate the transmission of electrical signals to various parts of the human body.
A closer look at the image reveals that this systematic structure features a circular cell body, which is also known as the soma, at its center. It is encircled by a dense network of root-like structures called dendrites, which play an essential role in receiving messages from other cellular components in the body.
The axon, another crucial part of the neuron, delivers signals from the soma to various destinations, including muscles, glands, and other neural cells. This process of signal transmission through the axon is referred to as action potential. Additionally, there are capsule-like myelin sheaths that cover the axon and help to accelerate the speed of neural impulses.
Finally, the neural signals are directed to the last element of the neuron, the terminal buttons, which form junctions with other cells. From this point, messages will be transmitted and embark on a new journey to different parts of the body.