The provided diagram gives information on the structure and operation of a neuron.
Overall, the structure of a neuron typically consists of five elements that facilitate the delivery of electrical signals to various parts of the human body.
A neuron comprises a cell body – also known as soma, to control the operation of the neuron as a whole. This soma is connected to a quite dense network of dendrites, which helps to receive messages from other cells. The messages are then delivered through an axon to reach other muscles, glands or even neurons, and this process of passing through the axon is called action potential. In some occasions, there could be myelin sheaths covering the axon that helps to expedite the speed of neural impulses. Subsequently, the electrical signals arrive at terminal buttons, where junctions with other cells are formed. From now on, the messages leave this current neuron and start off a new journey to other parts of the body.