Overall, the system converts the potential energy stored in water into electrical energy through several sequential stages, beginning with water collection in a reservoir and ending with the transmission of electricity to consumers.
Initially, water is stored in a large reservoir situated behind the dam. It is then directed through an intake pipe, which channels the water into a penstock. This penstock, a large sloping pipe, conveys the water downward under high pressure toward the turbine. The flowing water’s kinetic energy is utilized to rotate the turbine, which in turn drives the generator.
Once activated, the generator inside the powerhouse converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The produced electricity is then transmitted through long-distance power lines for public and industrial use. Meanwhile, the used water is released into a downstream river, ensuring the continuity of the water cycle.