Band 6+: The diagrams below show the stages and equipment used in the cement-making process, and how cement is used to produce concrete for building purposes.

The diagrams illustrate the process of cement production and concrete production in specific proportions of the components. In general, there are altogether 6 main steps to make cement, and the one additional packing step as the final stage.

First of all, the production starts by crushing the limestone and clay together. Then, the resulted powder will be proceeded to the mixer and the mixture will get heated in the rotating heater with a constant heat at the bottom. Following that, the product, heated mixture is grinded with a grinder so that the cement powder will be produced. Afterwards, it will be packed into bags which is the finishing step.

After producing cement, one of the main components for concrete production, the process can be started by adding 15% of cement into the concrete mixer. Subsequently, 50% of gravel, 25% of sand, and 10% of water must be added. Then, the concrete can be produced by mixing all the components thoroughly in the concrete mixer.