Cambridge IELTS 11 Academic Reading Test 4 Passage 1

Definition

(adj) related to the field of medicine and biology Example: She studied ______ sciences in college.

Term

biomedical

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Definition

(v) to remove tangles or confusion from something Example: I need to ______ the wires behind my desk.

Term

untangle

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Definition

(adj) exactly the same Example: The two pictures are ______.

Term

identical

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) having had sperm added to an egg to start the growth of a baby Example: The scientist studied a ______ egg under a microscope.

Term

fertilized

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Definition

(adv) almost or nearly; not completely Example: The twins look ______ identical.

Term

virtually

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Definition

(adj) related to genes or heredity Example: ______ traits can be passed from parents to children.

Term

genetic

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) relating to the natural world and the impact of human activity on it Example: The project focuses on ______ issues.

Term

environmental

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) related to brothers Example: The ______ twins have very different personalities.

Term

fraternal

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to measure or express the amount of something Example: It's difficult to ______ the impact of music on learning.

Term

quantify

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Definition

(n) a health problem or illness Example: She took medicine for her ______.

Term

ailment

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the state of being weak and easily hurt or attacked Example: The child's ______ made her afraid of loud noises.

Term

vulnerability

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the way in which qualities or traits are passed from parents to their children Example: ______ plays a big role in how we look.

Term

heredity

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the way two or more things influence each other Example: The ______ between light and shadow creates a beautiful effect in the painting.

Term

interplay

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to locate exactly Example: The scientists can ______ the cause of the problem.

Term

pinpoint

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the genetic qualities that you get from your parents Example: She was proud of her family's ______.

Term

inheritance

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) very important Example: It is ______ to study hard for the exam.

Term

crucial

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the different qualities or traits that make someone unique Example: People have different ______ that make them special.

Term

personalities

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to create a new word or phrase Example: The scientist ______ a new term for her research.

Term

coined

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to come together again after being apart Example: The twins were ______ after many years.

Term

reunited

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the ability of traits to be passed down from parents to their children Example: The ______ of eye color is often observed in families.

Term

heritability

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) relating to the basic or fundamental aspects Example: Water is an ______ substance that is essential for life.

Term

elemental

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the study of how genes are influenced by the environment and other factors Example: Researchers are exploring the effects of ______ on health.

Term

epigenetics

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) very different from the usual or traditional Example: The scientist proposed a ______ approach to solving the problem.

Term

radical

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the final decision or opinion reached after consideration Example: The ______ of the meeting was very positive.

Term

conclusion

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) related to changes in gene activity without changing the DNA sequence Example: ______ studies show how our environment can change our genes.

Term

epigenetic

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Male Female

Definition

(n) series of actions taken to achieve a particular result Example: The chef has different ______ for cooking each dish.

Term

processes

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a part or element of something Example: Water is a key ______ of all living things.

Term

component

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to show or make known something Example: She ______ her thoughts clearly.

Term

expressed

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) very large in size or amount Example: The piano keyboard is ______.

Term

immense

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to represent something with a symbol Example: Each key ______ a segment of DNA responsible for a particular note.

Term

symbolizing

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a characteristic or quality of a person Example: Kindness is a good ______ to have.

Term

trait

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to change something very fundamentally Example: New technology is ______ the way we communicate.

Term

revolutionizing

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a way of doing something or a system that helps something to work Example: The machine has a complex ______ for operating efficiently.

Term

mechanism

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the unborn young of a human, usually regarded as being from about eight weeks after conception until birth Example: The doctor checked the health of the ______ during the ultrasound.

Term

fetus

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) related to how people act Example: The scientists studied the ______ patterns of the animals.

Term

behavioral

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a type of small mammal with large front teeth, like rats and mice Example: A mouse is a common ______ found in many homes.

Term

rodent

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Male Female

Definition

(adv) in a way that is not planned or organized Example: The numbers were chosen ______ for the game.

Term

randomly

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) related to the early stage of development of an organism Example: ______ cells can develop into different types of cells in the body.

Term

embryonic

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a scientist who studies genes and heredity Example: The ______ explained how traits are passed down through families.

Term

geneticist

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) something that is permanently fixed or determined Example: Her talents in music seem to be ______.

Term

hardwired

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) not able to be changed Example: Some traits are ______ and stay the same for life.

Term

unalterable

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the place or situation where something begins Example: The ______ of the river is in the nearby mountains.

Term

origin

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a sudden increase or rise Example: There was a ______ in demand for new products.

Term

surge

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a person who is the first to do something, making it easier for others to follow Example: She was a ______ in the fight for equal rights.

Term

trailblazer

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a serious mental illness that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves Example: He is learning how to live with ______.

Term

schizophrenia

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) thoughtful or careful about something Example: The teacher asked us to be ______ about our learning.

Term

reflective

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the study of how our environment can change the way genes work Example: ______ helps us understand how stress can affect our health.

Term

epigenetics

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) likely to be successful or to produce good results Example: The scientist presented a ______ solution to the problem.

Term

promising

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a molecule that carries genetic information Example: ______ determines the traits we inherit from our parents.

Term

DNA

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a tool for writing or drawing that has a thin stick of graphite Example: She wrote her notes with a ______.

Term

pencil

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Male Female