Master the Cambridge IELTS 11 Academic Reading Test 4 Passage 2 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
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Cambridge IELTS 11 Academic Reading Test 4 Passage 2
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underestimate
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(v) /ˌʌndərˈɛstəˌmeɪt/
to think that something is less important or less serious than it really is
Example: You should not underestimate the difficulty of the exam.
complicated
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(adj) /ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/
difficult to understand or deal with
Example: The math problem was very complicated.
responsibility
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(n) /rɪˌspɒn.sɪˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/
a duty or thing that you are responsible for
Example: It is his responsibility to take care of the dog.
ingredient
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(n) /ɪnˈɡriː.di.ənt/
a substance or element used to make something, especially in cooking
Example: Water is an important ingredient in many recipes.
synchronous
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(adj) /ˈsɪŋ.krə.nəs/
happening at the same time as something else
Example: The two events were synchronous and occurred simultaneously.
asynchronous
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(adj) /eɪˈsɪŋ.krə.nəs/
not happening at the same time
Example: The music was played asynchronously with the video.
dialogue
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(n) /ˈdaɪəˌlɔɪg/
a conversation between two or more people
Example: The movie had a funny dialogue.
characterization
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(n) /ˌkærɪktərʌɪˈzeɪʃən/
the way someone or something is described or shown
Example: The characterization of the hero made him very relatable.
perceive
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(v) /pərˈsiːv/
to become aware of something through the senses
Example: The audience can perceive the emotions of the characters.
merge
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(v) /mɜrdʒ/
to combine or join together
Example: The two companies will merge next month.
texture
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(n) /ˈtɛkstʃər/
the way a surface feels or looks
Example: The texture of the fabric is very soft.
physiognomy
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(n) /ˌfɪziˈɒɡnəmi/
the art of judging a person's character from their facial features
Example: People often believe in physiognomy to understand others better.
persona
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(n) /pərˈsoʊ.nə/
the image or personality that someone shows to other people
Example: His persona is very friendly and outgoing.
banal
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(adj) /bəˈnæl/
boring and not interesting
Example: The lecture was so banal that many students fell asleep.
intrinsic
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(adj) /ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪk/
belonging to the essential nature of something
Example: The story had little intrinsic value without good characters.
portray
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(v) /pɔrˈtreɪ/
to show or represent someone or something in a particular way
Example: The movie will portray the life of a famous explorer.
inadequacy
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(n) /ɪˈnædɪkwəsi/
the state of not being good enough or sufficient
Example: The teacher talked about the inadequacy of the students' essays.
magnificent
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(adj) /mæɡˈnɪfɪsənt/
very beautiful and impressive
Example: The view from the mountain was magnificent.
underscore
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(v) /ˌʌndərˈskoʊr/
to emphasize something
Example: The teacher underscored the importance of studying for the exam.
absurdity
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(n) /əbˈsɜːrdɪti/
the quality of being ridiculous or unreasonable
Example: The absurdity of the situation made everyone laugh.
escapism
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(n) /ɪˈskeɪ.pɪ.zəm/
the habit of seeking pleasure or escape from reality
Example: Many people use books and movies as a form of escapism.
frenetic
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(adj) /frəˈnɛtɪk/
fast and energetic in a wild or uncontrolled way
Example: The game became frenetic as the time ran out.
synchronize
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(v) /ˈsɪŋkrəˌnaɪz/
to cause to happen at the same time or rate
Example: The team needs to synchronize their efforts for the project.
atmosphere
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(n) /ˈæt.mə.sfɪr/
the mixture of gases surrounding the earth
Example: The atmosphere was perfect for a picnic.
subconsciously
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(adv) /səbˈkɑnʃəsli/
in a way that is not aware or conscious
Example: She subconsciously bit her nails when she was nervous.
ominous
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(adj) /ˈɑː.mɪ.nəs/
giving a feeling that something bad will happen
Example: The sky was ominous before the storm.
suspense
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(n) /səˈspɛns/
a feeling of excitement or worry about what may happen next
Example: The movie kept the audience in suspense until the end.
nuance
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(n) /ˈnjuːɑːns/
a slight difference or change in meaning or feeling
Example: The artist added a nuance to the painting.
foreground
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(n) /ˈfɔrɡraʊnd/
the part of a picture or scene that is closest to the viewer
Example: The flowers are in the foreground of the garden.
psychic
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(adj) /ˈsaɪ.kɪk/
related to the mind or feelings, often involving supernatural abilities
Example: She believes she has psychic abilities to see into the future.
ubiquitous
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(adj) /juˈbɪkwɪtəs/
present everywhere or seem to be everywhere
Example: Music is ubiquitous in films.
noticeable
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(adj) /ˈnoʊ.tɪ.sə.bəl/
able to be seen or noticed
Example: The sound became noticeable when the music stopped.
depict
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(v) /dɪˈpɪkt/
to show or represent something in a picture or story
Example: The painting depicts a beautiful landscape.
foreshadow
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(v) /fɔːrˈʃædoʊ/
to give a hint or warning about something that will happen in the future
Example: The music foreshadows a scary moment in the movie.
dissonant
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(adj) /ˈdɪsənənt/
not in harmony; out of tune
Example: The dissonant music created a feeling of tension.
menace
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(n) /ˈmɛn.ɪs/
a person or thing that causes harm or is likely to cause harm
Example: The storm was a menace to the small village.
salient
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(adj) /ˈseɪ.li.ənt/
most noticeable or important
Example: The salient points of the story were easy to remember.
motif
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(n) /moʊˈtiːf/
a pattern or theme that repeats in a work of art or literature
Example: The motif of love is present in many stories.
comprise
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(v) /kəmˈpraɪz/
to be made up of something
Example: The committee comprises five members.
convention
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(n) /kənˈvɛnʃən/
a way in which something is usually done
Example: The convention is to arrive early for the meeting.
innovation
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(n) /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/
a new idea, method, or product
Example: The company is known for its innovation in technology.
accelerate
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(v) /əkˈsɛləˌreɪt/
to increase speed
Example: The car will accelerate quickly.
creaky
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(adj) /ˈkriː.ki/
making a high noise when moving or being opened
Example: The creaky floorboards made a sound when I walked.
brilliantly
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(adv) /ˈbrɪl.jənt.li/
in a very impressive or effective way
Example: She solved the math problem brilliantly.
conceive
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(v) /kənˈsiːv/
to form a mental image or idea of something
Example: She can conceive a new story for the film.
subtle
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(adj) /ˈsʌtəl/
not obvious or easy to notice
Example: The artist used subtle colors in the painting.
foster
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(v) /ˈfɔːstər/
to help something grow or develop
Example: We need to foster good relationships with our neighbors.
awareness
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(n) /əˈwɛrnəs/
knowledge or understanding of something
Example: She has a good awareness of the rules.
appreciate
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(v) /əˈpriːʃieɪt/
to recognize the value of something
Example: I appreciate your help with the project.
spring
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(n) /sprɪŋ/
the season after winter and before summer when plants start to grow
Example: Flowers bloom in spring.
visual
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(adj) /ˈvɪʒ.u.əl/
relating to seeing or sight
Example: The art exhibit had many visual elements.