Master the Cambridge IELTS 15 Academic Reading Test 4 Passage 2 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
(Related: https://engnovate.com/ielts-reading-tests/cambridge-ielts-15-academic-reading-test-4/)
Cambridge IELTS 15 Academic Reading Test 4 Passage 2
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situated
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(adj) /ˈsɪtʃuˌeɪtɪd/
located in a particular place
Example: The house is situated on a small hill.
volcanic
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(adj) /vɑlˈkænɪk/
related to a volcano
Example: The island has many volcanic rocks.
ravine
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(n) /rəˈviːn/
a deep, narrow valley, usually with steep sides
Example: The hiking trail goes down into the ravine.
transmit
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(v) /trænsˈmɪt/
to send something from one place to another
Example: They can transmit messages over long distances.
terrain
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(n) /təˈreɪn/
a stretch of land with a particular physical feature
Example: The hikers enjoyed the beautiful terrain in the mountains.
shed light
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(v) /ʃɛd laɪt/
to give information about something or make it clearer
Example: The teacher shed light on the difficult topic.
process
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(n) /ˈprɑː.ses/
a series of actions to achieve something
Example: The process of learning a language takes time.
flexible
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(adj) /ˈflɛksəbl/
able to change or adapt
Example: She is flexible with her schedule.
interpret
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(v) /ɪnˈtɜːrprɪt/
to explain the meaning of something
Example: It is important to interpret the rules correctly.
dedicate
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(v) /ˈdɛdɪˌkeɪt/
to spend a lot of time and effort on something
Example: They dedicate many hours to studying.
scope
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(n) /skoʊp/
the range or area that something covers
Example: We need to understand the scope of the project.
recode
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(v) /rɪˈkoʊd/
to change the form or representation of something
Example: The teacher will recode the information for the students.
pitch
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(n) /pɪtʃ/
the highness or lowness of a sound
Example: The teacher asked the student to change the pitch of their voice.
ambiguity
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(n) /ˌæm.bɪˈɡjuː.ɪ.ti/
the state of having more than one meaning
Example: The word has an ambiguity that confuses many people.
distinguish
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(v) /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/
to recognize the difference between things
Example: I can easily distinguish between the two types of birds.
repetition
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(n) /ˌrɛpəˈtɪʃən/
the action of doing or saying something again
Example: The teacher gave a lesson on repetition to help the students remember.
context
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(n) /ˈkɒn.tɛkst/
the situation or information that helps to understand something
Example: It's important to know the context before making a decision.
novel
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(adj) /ˈnɒv.əl/
new and different from anything that has existed before
Example: The silbadores use a novel way to communicate.
vital
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(adj) /ˈvaɪtəl/
extremely important or necessary
Example: Communication is vital for teamwork.
neuroimaging
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(n) /ˌnjʊəroʊˈɪməʤɪŋ/
a technique to see pictures of the brain
Example: The scientists used neuroimaging to study brain activity.
contrast
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(v) /kənˈtræst/
to show the differences between two or more things
Example: We can contrast the two languages to see how they are different.
engage
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(v) /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/
to participate or become involved in something
Example: The students engage in group discussions every week.
temporal lobe
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(n) /ˈtɛmpərəl loʊb/
a part of the brain involved in processing language and memory
Example: The left temporal lobe helps us understand spoken words.
frontal lobe
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(n) /ˈfrʌn.tl loʊb/
the front part of the brain that is involved in thinking and decisions
Example: The frontal lobe helps you plan and organize your day.
modality
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(n) /məˈdæl.ə.ti/
the way in which something is expressed or communicated
Example: Different modalities can change how we understand a message.
obscure
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(adj) /əbˈskjʊr/
not known or not clear
Example: The origins of the language remain obscure.
indigenous
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(adj) /ɪnˈdɪdʒ.ɪ.nəs/
originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native
Example: The indigenous people of the island have a rich culture.
conquer
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(v) /ˈkɑːŋkər/
to take control of a place or people by force
Example: The army will conquer the enemy territory.
survive
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(v) /sərˈvaɪv/
to continue to live or exist, especially after a difficult situation
Example: The animal can survive without food for a long time.
adaptation
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(n) /ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/
a change made to fit a new situation or use
Example: An adaptation of the story was made for the movie.
isolate
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(v) /ˈaɪsəˌleɪt/
to keep a person or group apart from others
Example: The mountain folk often isolate themselves from the outside world.
extinction
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(n) /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/
the end of a particular species or group
Example: Many animals are in danger of extinction.
dwindle
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(v) /ˈdwɪndəl/
to gradually become less or smaller
Example: The number of speakers of the language continues to dwindle.
fluent
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(adj) /ˈfluː.ənt/
able to speak a language easily and well
Example: She is fluent in both English and Spanish.
authority
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(n) /əˈθɔːrɪti/
the power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience
Example: The authorities set rules for everyone to follow.
elementary
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(adj) /ˌɛl.ɪˈmɛn.tər.i/
basic or simple, not complicated
Example: She learned elementary math in school.
humanity
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(n) /hjuːˈmænɪti/
the human race or human beings in general
Example: The museum showcases the art created by humanity throughout history.
substitute
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(n) /ˈsʌb.stɪ.tjuːt/
a thing that replaces or is used instead of another
Example: A pencil can be a substitute for a pen.
adjust
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(v) /əˈdʒʌst/
to change something slightly to make it better or more suitable
Example: She needs to adjust the volume of the music.
awareness
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(n) /əˈwɛr.nəs/
knowledge or perception of a situation or fact
Example: He has a good awareness of what is happening around him.
shepherd
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(n) /ˈʃɛpərd/
a person who takes care of sheep
Example: The shepherd guides the sheep to a new pasture.
rapid
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(adj) /ˈræp.ɪd/
happening quickly or in a short time
Example: The car moved at a rapid speed down the road.
equipment
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(n) /ɪˈkwɪp.mənt/
the tools or machinery needed for a specific purpose
Example: The team used new equipment for the experiment.
activate
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(v) /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/
to make something start to work or happen
Example: We need to activate the alarm before we leave.
unique
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(adj) /juˈnik/
being the only one of its kind
Example: Her dress is unique and very beautiful.
obscure
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(adj) /əbˈskjʊr/
not known or not easily understood
Example: The origins of the ancient language remain obscure.
volcanic
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(adj) /vɒlˈkænɪk/
relating to a volcano
Example: The island has many volcanic features.
dense
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(adj) /dɛns/
having parts that are closely together; not spread out
Example: The jungle is dense with trees and plants.
extinction
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(n) /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/
the state of no longer existing
Example: Some animals are in danger of extinction.
preserve
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(v) /prɪˈzɝːv/
to keep something as it is, especially in order to prevent it from decaying or being damaged
Example: We need to preserve the history of our culture.
UNESCO
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(n) /juˈnɛskoʊ/
a United Nations agency that promotes education, science, and culture worldwide
Example: UNESCO supports projects that preserve cultural heritage.