Master the Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic Reading Test 1 Passage 1 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
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Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic Reading Test 1 Passage 1
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urban
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(adj) /ˈɜr.bən/
related to a city or town
Example: She prefers living in an urban area with lots of activities.
soil-free
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(adj) /ˈsɔɪl-friː/
not using soil for growing plants
Example: The farmers are using a soil-free method to grow vegetables.
agriculture
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(n) /ˈæɡrɪˌkʌltʃər/
the practice of farming, including cultivating soil and growing crops
Example: Agriculture is important for providing food.
resource
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(n) /ˈriːsɔrs/
a supply of something that can be used.
Example: The farmers need more resources to grow the plants.
exhibition
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(n) /ˌɛksɪˈbɪʃən/
a public display of art or products
Example: I visited the exhibition at the art museum.
rooftop
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(n) /ˈruːf.tɒp/
the top surface of a building
Example: They had a party on the rooftop of their apartment.
bear fruit
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(v) /bɛr frut/
to produce a good result or yield
Example: The new project may take time, but it will eventually bear fruit.
resplendent
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(adj) /rɪˈsplɛndənt/
very bright and attractive
Example: The flowers in the garden are resplendent with color.
sprout
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(v) /spraʊt/
to begin to grow, to produce new leaves or shoots
Example: The seeds will sprout in a few days.
abundantly
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(adv) /əˈbʌndəntli/
in large amounts
Example: The flowers grew abundantly in the garden.
hollow
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(adj) /ˈhɑloʊ/
having a space inside; not solid
Example: The tube was hollow and filled with roots.
dangling
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(adj) /ˈdæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/
hanging or swinging loosely
Example: I saw the leaves dangling from the tree.
aromatic
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(adj) /əˈrɒmətɪk/
having a strong, pleasant smell
Example: She picked some aromatic herbs from the garden.
aubergine
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(n) /ˈoʊ.bər.dʒin/
a type of vegetable with a purple skin and white flesh, also known as eggplant
Example: She cooked a delicious dish with shiny aubergines.
chard
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(n) /tʃɑrd/
a type of leafy green vegetable
Example: Chard is great in salads and smoothies.
sustainable
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(adj) /səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl/
able to be maintained at a certain rate or level without harming the environment
Example: The project focuses on sustainable agriculture.
consultant
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(n) /kənˈsʌltənt/
someone who gives expert advice professionally
Example: The consultant helped the company improve its sales strategy.
aeroponic
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(adj) /ɛəroʊˈpɒnɪk/
relating to growing plants in air or mist without soil
Example: The students learned about aeroponic systems in their science class.
constraint
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(n) /kənˈstreɪnt/
something that limits or restricts
Example: There are many constraints on how we can use the space in the city.
consumption
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(n) /kənˈsʌmpʃən/
the act of using up resources or eating food
Example: His consumption of fruits and vegetables is very high.
showcase
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(n) /ˈʃoʊkeɪs/
a display of something to show its best features
Example: The gallery will showcase new artists next month.
consultancy
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(n) /kənˈsʌltənsi/
a business that provides expert advice
Example: She works at a consultancy that helps companies grow.
field
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(n) /fiːld/
an area of land used for growing crops or animals
Example: The farmer walks through the field every morning.
enquiry
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(n) /ɪnˈkwaɪəri/
a question or request for information
Example: I made an enquiry about the new farming methods.
breed
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(n) /briːd/
a type of animal or plant that has been developed by selective breeding
Example: The farm is known for a new breed of tomatoes that taste amazing.
intensive
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(adj) /ɪnˈtɛnsɪv/
having a strong effect or being very serious
Example: The intensive work is very important for the project.
generator
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(n) /ˈdʒɛn.ə.reɪ.tər/
a machine that produces electricity
Example: The generator provides power during the outage.
greenhouse gas
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(n) /ˈɡrinˌhaʊs ɡæs/
gases that trap heat in the atmosphere and contribute to global warming
Example: Greenhouse gases are linked to climate change.
refrigerated
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(adj) /rɪˈfrɪdʒəˌreɪtɪd/
kept at a low temperature to prevent decay
Example: The refrigerated truck delivered fresh produce to the store.
withstand
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(v) /wɪθˈstænd/
to not be harmed or affected by something
Example: Some plants can withstand cold temperatures.
substantial
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(adj) /səbˈstænʃl/
large in amount or importance
Example: The journey was substantial and took a long time.
wholesaler
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(n) /ˈhoʊlˌseɪlər/
a person or company that sells goods in large quantities to retailers or other businesses
Example: The wholesaler supplies fresh produce to many local grocery stores.
producer
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(n) /prəˈduːsər/
a person or thing that makes or creates something
Example: The producer shared her insights at the conference.
enrich
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(v) /ɪnˈrɪtʃ/
to make something better or richer
Example: We can enrich the soil with compost.
nutrient
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(n) /ˈnjuː.tri.ənt/
a substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life
Example: Fruits and vegetables are packed with essential nutrients.
circuit
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(n) /ˈsɜr.kɪt/
a closed path through which an electric current can flow
Example: The light bulb turned on when the circuit was complete.
exhaust
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(v) /ɪɡˈzɔst/
to use up all of something
Example: After a long day, I felt completely exhausted.
recycle
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(v) /rɪˈsaɪkl/
to process used materials so they can be used again
Example: We can recycle plastic bottles to help the environment.
yield
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(v) /jiːld/
to produce or provide something
Example: The farm will yield a lot of fruits this season.
phenomenon
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(n) /fɪˈnɑː.mə.nɒn/
a thing that is observed to exist or happen
Example: The phenomenon of urban farming is growing in many cities.
boom
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(v) /buːm/
to increase rapidly or become successful
Example: The urban farming movement is starting to boom.
disused
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(adj) /ˈdɪsˌjuzd/
not used or no longer in use
Example: They turned a disused factory into art studios.
container
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(n) /kənˈteɪnər/
a box or container used for holding things
Example: I put the snacks in a container.
virtuous
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(adj) /ˈvɜr.tʃu.əs/
having good moral qualities
Example: She is a virtuous person who helps others.
fraction
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(n) /ˈfrækʃən/
a part of a whole
Example: I only ate a small fraction of the pizza.
consume
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(v) /kənˈsjuːm/
to eat or drink something
Example: People consume fresh fruits every day.
organic
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(adj) /ɔːrˈɡænɪk/
produced or grown without the use of synthetic chemicals or fertilizers
Example: They bought organic vegetables from the market.
suited
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(adj) /ˈsuː.tɪd/
right for a particular purpose or situation
Example: The herbs are suited for cooking.
radish
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(n) /ˈrædɪʃ/
a small, round vegetable that has a sharp taste and is usually red or white
Example: We added radish to the salad for extra crunch.
carrot
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(n) /ˈkærət/
a long, thin, orange vegetable that grows underground
Example: She bought a bag of carrots at the store.
potato
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(n) /pəˈteɪtoʊ/
a round vegetable that has brown or reddish skin and white, yellow, or brown flesh
Example: I like to eat potato with my dinner.
bean
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(n) /biːn/
a seed or pod used as food, often growing on plants
Example: She likes to eat a salad with beans.
practise
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(v) /ˈpræk.tɪs/
to do something regularly in order to improve your skill
Example: She needs to practise her guitar every day.
fast-changing
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(adj) /fæstˈʧeɪndʒɪŋ/
changing quickly
Example: The world of technology is fast-changing every day.
production
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(n) /prəˈdʌkʃən/
the process of making or growing something
Example: The production of vegetables is important for many cities.