Master the Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Reading Test 4 Passage 1 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
(Related: https://engnovate.com/ielts-reading-tests/cambridge-ielts-19-academic-reading-test-4/)
Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Reading Test 4 Passage 1
Back To Set1 / 57
conservationist
Click to show definition
(n) /ˌkɑːn.sɚˈveɪ.ʃən.ɪst/
a person who wants to protect the environment and wildlife
Example: The conservationist works to save endangered animals.
decline
Click to show definition
(v) /dɪˈklaɪn/
to become less in amount, importance, or strength
Example: The number of butterflies has begun to decline.
unpredictable
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbl/
not able to be predicted; uncertain
Example: The weather can be unpredictable in spring.
knock-on
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈnɑk.ɑn/
an indirect or secondary effect that results from an action
Example: The new law will have knock-on effects on many businesses.
ecosystem
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈiːkəˌsɪstəm/
a community of living things and their environment
Example: The forest is a rich ecosystem with many plants and animals.
caterpillar
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈkætərˌpɪlər/
a young form of a butterfly, usually green or brown, that eats leaves
Example: The caterpillar crawled slowly on the leaf.
lifecycle
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈlaɪfˌsaɪkəl/
the series of stages in the life of an animal or plant
Example: A caterpillar's lifecycle includes becoming a butterfly.
consume
Click to show definition
(v) /kənˈsjuːm/
to eat or use up a resource
Example: Caterpillars consume a lot of leaves.
vast
Click to show definition
(adj) /væst/
very large in size, amount, or degree
Example: The ocean is vast and full of mysteries.
prey
Click to show definition
(n) /preɪ/
an animal that is hunted or eaten by another animal
Example: In the forest, small birds are often prey for larger birds.
mammal
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈmæml/
an animal that has hair or fur and produces milk for its young
Example: A dog is a mammal.
arm
Click to show definition
(v) /ɑrm/
to equip or provide with something
Example: He wants to arm himself with knowledge before making a decision.
halt
Click to show definition
(v) /hɔlt/
to stop or cause to stop
Example: The teacher told the students to halt their talking.
reverse
Click to show definition
(v) /rɪˈvɜrs/
to change something to be the opposite of what it was
Example: The team needs to reverse their last decision.
reproduce
Click to show definition
(v) /ˌriːprəˈdjuːs/
to make a new copy or form of something
Example: Some animals reproduce in spring.
phenology
Click to show definition
(n) /fɪˈnɑːlədʒi/
the study of the timing of natural events in relation to climate
Example: Scientists study phenology to understand how plants and animals respond to changing temperatures.
advance
Click to show definition
(v) /ədˈvæns/
to move forward or make progress
Example: Plants advance in the spring when it gets warmer.
extent
Click to show definition
(n) /ɪkˈstɛnt/
the degree to which something happens or is true
Example: The project was successful to a great extent.
adjust
Click to show definition
(v) /əˈdʒʌst/
to change something slightly to make it better or more correct
Example: You need to adjust the picture so it looks right.
population
Click to show definition
(n) /ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən/
the number of people or animals in a certain area
Example: The population of the city has grown steadily.
stress
Click to show definition
(n) /strɛs/
mental or emotional strain or tension
Example: He felt a lot of stress before the exam.
unwillingly
Click to show definition
(adv) /ʌnˈwɪlɪŋli/
in a way that shows reluctance or lack of willingness
Example: He accepted the change unwillingly.
unnatural
Click to show definition
(adj) /ʌnˈnætʃərəl/
not natural; artificial or unusual
Example: The sudden change in temperature felt unnatural for the season.
seek
Click to show definition
(v) /siːk/
to try to find or get something
Example: The researchers are seeking answers to important questions.
pull together
Click to show definition
(v) /pʊl təˈɡɛðər/
to combine or gather information or resources for a purpose
Example: The team pulled together their ideas to create a presentation.
submit
Click to show definition
(v) /səbˈmɪt/
to give something for someone to consider or decide
Example: Students must submit their assignments on time.
enthusiast
Click to show definition
(n) /ɪnˈθuːziˌæst/
a person who is very interested in a particular subject
Example: The enthusiast shares his knowledge about butterflies.
abundance
Click to show definition
(n) /əˈbʌndəns/
a large quantity of something
Example: There was an abundance of flowers in the garden.
distribution
Click to show definition
(n) /ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃən/
the way things are spread out or arranged
Example: The distribution of butterflies changes with the seasons.
crucial
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˈkruːʃəl/
very important or necessary
Example: It is crucial to save the butterflies.
subtle
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˈsʌtəl/
not obvious or easy to notice
Example: The artist made subtle changes to the painting.
emerge
Click to show definition
(v) /ɪˈmɜrdʒ/
to come out or appear from somewhere
Example: The sun will emerge from behind the clouds.
analyze
Click to show definition
(v) /ˈæn.ə.laɪz/
to examine something carefully
Example: We need to analyze the results of the test.
trend
Click to show definition
(n) /trɛnd/
a general direction in which something is developing or changing
Example: The trend of more people using bicycles is good for the environment.
variable
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈvɛr.ə.bəl/
something that can change or be changed
Example: Weather is a variable that affects how we dress.
discover
Click to show definition
(v) /dɪsˈkʌvər/
to find out something that was not known before
Example: They discover new things in science every day.
flexible
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˈflɛk.sɪ.bəl/
able to change or be changed easily
Example: The schedule is flexible, so we can meet any time.
benefit
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈbɛnɪfɪt/
an advantage or good result
Example: Regular exercise can provide many health benefits.
dainty
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˈdeɪnti/
delicate and attractive; small and pretty
Example: The dainty flower bloomed in the garden.
colony
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈkɒləni/
a group of animals or plants of the same kind living in the same area
Example: The colony of ants worked together to build their home.
cycle
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈsaɪ.kəl/
a series of events that happen repeatedly in the same order
Example: The seasons follow a cycle every year.
restrict
Click to show definition
(v) /rɪˈstrɪkt/
to limit or control something
Example: They restrict access to the building for safety.
worryingly
Click to show definition
(adv) /ˈwɜriɪŋli/
in a way that causes worry or concern
Example: The weather is worryingly unpredictable lately.
specialize
Click to show definition
(v) /ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪz/
to become an expert in a particular area
Example: Some scientists specialize in studying butterflies.
habitat
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/
the natural home of an animal or plant
Example: The forest is a habitat for many animals.
diet
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈdaɪ.ɪt/
the kinds of food that a person, animal, or community usually eats
Example: A healthy diet includes fruits and vegetables.
harm
Click to show definition
(v) /hɑrm/
to cause damage or injury to someone or something
Example: We must find ways to protect nature and not harm it.
endanger
Click to show definition
(v) /ɪnˈdeɪndʒər/
to put something or someone at risk of harm or danger
Example: Pollution can endanger the lives of many animals.
coppice
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈkɒpɪs/
a wooded area where trees are cut back to encourage new growth
Example: The small animals like to play in the coppice.
woodland
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈwʊdlənd/
a forest area with many trees and plants
Example: The children played in the woodland behind their house.
limestone
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈlaɪm.stoʊn/
a type of rock that is made of calcium carbonate, often used in building and industry
Example: Limestone is used to make cement.
pavement
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈpeɪvmənt/
the surface of a road, path, or area outside a building that is made of stone, concrete, or another hard material
Example: The children played on the pavement outside their house.
downfall
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈdaʊnˌfɔl/
a loss of power, success, or position
Example: The downfall of the company was sudden and surprising.
extract
Click to show definition
(v) /ɪkˈstrækt/
to take something out or remove it from a larger whole
Example: We need to extract information from the documents.
considerable
Click to show definition
(adj) /kənˈsɪd.ə.rə.bəl/
large enough to be important or noticeable
Example: There was a considerable amount of food at the party.
solely
Click to show definition
(adv) /ˈsoʊlli/
only and nothing else
Example: She studies solely the behavior of butterflies.
honeysuckle
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈhʌniˌsʌkəl/
a flowering plant with sweet-smelling flowers that attract insects
Example: The garden has beautiful honeysuckle along the fence.
Done this passage 1 vocabulary and synonyms