The bar charts compare the population size and life expectancy in five European countries in 1914 and 2014.
Overall, the population increased in all five countries, with figures in some nations almost doubling over the period. A similar upward trend can be observed in life expectancy, which became relatively similar across all countries by 2014.
Spain experienced the largest increase in population size, with the figure doubling from around 20 million in 1914 to just over 40 million in 2014. France and Germany, which had the largest populations initially, also saw substantial growth, rising from approximately 43 and 65 million to about 63 and 80 million respectively. By contrast, the UK and Italy both began with populations of just under 40 million, although the UK ended the period slightly higher than Italy.
Turning next to life expectancy, Spain, as with population, showed the most significant growth, increasing dramatically from just over 40 years to 80 years. In 1914, France had the highest life expectancy, at around 59 years. Germany started at 48 years and the UK at approximately 57 years. However, by the end of the period, all countries had reached a relatively similar life expectancy.