Process Diagram

Band 6+: The diagram below shows how one type of desert, known as a rain-shadow desert, is formed. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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Image for topic: The diagram below shows how one type of desert, known as a rain-shadow desert, is formed. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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The image diagrams "The formation of rain-shadow deserts" over a scale of thousands of kilometres, illustrating a 7-step process. Step 1: Winds approach coast from the sea. Step 2: Winds are pushed upwards along the windward side of the mountains. Step 3: Moist air rises and cools. Step 4: Clouds form. Step 5: Rain falls. Step 6: Dry air continues over the mountain onto the leeward side. Step 7: Dry winds reach inland areas, creating a rain-shadow desert.

Given the complexity of the image, the above description may not be entirely accurate.

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Note: Both the topic and the answer were created by one of our users.

The flow chart illustrates all the steps of how a rain-shadow desert is formed.

Overall, it is clear that the process consists of 7 different stages, beginning with the approaching of winds to coast to ending with the reaching of dry winds to inland areas and it also includes the sea, mountains and the inland areas, which are thousands of kilometres far from the coast.

At the first stage winds approach the coastal area right before being pushed upwards to the mountains. Prior to the formation of clouds, in the windward side, upwards-pushed winds are transformed into moist air which cools while rising. In the following stage, clouds become dark and the rain falls.

After rain falls, the droplets are changed into dry air and it continues over the mountain. From the Leeward side this dry air decreases towards inland areas and right before rain-shadow desert is formed it finally reaches it.

Word Count: 152

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Overall Band Score

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Vocabulary Complexity:
B2 - Upper Intermediate
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Grammar Mistakes: N/A

Vocabulary Repetition:

winds: 4

inland: 3

areas: 3

Try using synonyms for the above words

Task Response

The report effectively covers all stages of the process described in the diagram. The overview is clear and provides a good summary of the sequence and the geographical scope. The description of the stages is logical and follows the flow of the diagram well. To improve, ensure more precise use of scientific terminology; for example, saying 'droplets are changed into dry air' is slightly inaccurate as the air becomes dry due to the loss of moisture through precipitation, rather than the droplets themselves transforming into air. However, the overall progression and coverage of the task are very strong.

Coherence & Cohesion

The report follows a logical progression, and the use of cohesive devices (e.g., 'At the first stage', 'Prior to', 'In the following stage') helps the reader follow the sequence. However, some transitions feel a bit mechanical. To improve, try to use more varied linking words and ensure that the relationship between sentences is more fluid. The overview is a bit long and contains too much detail; it should ideally be a concise summary of the main trend or process.

Lexical Resource

The vocabulary is adequate for describing the process, but there are several instances of awkward phrasing and imprecise word choices. For example, 'the approaching of winds to coast' and 'the droplets are changed into dry air' are not natural English expressions. In a process diagram, it is better to use verbs that describe physical changes (e.g., 'moisture condenses' or 'air descends') rather than saying things are 'changed into' one another. Aim for more precise scientific or descriptive terminology.

Grammatical Range & Accuracy

There are several grammatical errors that occasionally hinder the clarity of the description. Issues include incorrect preposition usage (e.g., 'in the windward side' instead of 'on the windward side') and awkward sentence structures (e.g., 'the reaching of dry winds to inland areas'). There is an attempt at complex structures, but they are not always executed accurately. Focus on mastering subject-verb agreement and the correct use of articles and prepositions to improve the overall accuracy of your writing.

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