Process Diagram

Band 7+: The diagram below shows the life cycle of the salmon. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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Image for topic: The diagram below shows the life cycle of the salmon. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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The image depicts the salmon life cycle beginning with eggs in fresh water that hatch in approximately 3 months; this progresses to alevin stages as they feed on yolk-sac for several weeks, transitioning to fry at 5-10 weeks old while swimming; fry develop into parr over several months with the development of "finger" markings; subsequently, they become smolt at 1-3 years old, grouping and heading out to sea; and continues as adult salmon, spending 1-8 years at sea before returning as spawning adults, where they spawn and die within 2 weeks.

Given the complexity of the image, the above description may not be entirely accurate.

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Note: Both the topic and the answer were created by one of our users.

The cycle illustrates how a salmon develops from an egg into an adult creature.

Overall, the salmon goes through several stages, beginning in fresh water, moving to the sea, and finally returning to fresh water to reproduce.

The life cycle starts when eggs are spawned in fresh water. After around 3 months, eggs hatch and alevins appear. At this stage, alevins feed themselves from yolk sacs. After several weeks, they develop and begin to swim. At this point, they are known as fry.After a few months, fry grow and become parr, which has dark marks on their bodies.

Following one to three years it becomes smolt, grouping with smolts and migrating to sea. After migration, it spends one to eight years of his life in ocean. When they become fully mature, they return to fresh water to spawn. After lying eggs. adult salmon survive for only a short period and it is around two weeks.

Word Count: 155

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Overall Band Score

(+/- 0.5)

Vocabulary Complexity:
B1 - Intermediate
Using more sophisticated words could be beneficial.

Grammar Mistakes: N/A

Vocabulary Repetition:

fresh: 4

water: 4

after: 4

salmon: 3

Try using synonyms for the above words

Task Response

The report accurately describes the main stages of the salmon life cycle in a logical sequence, from eggs in fresh water to adult spawning and death. It includes key details such as the time frames for hatching, the transition to sea, and the return to fresh water. However, there are a few minor omissions and lapses: the report does not explicitly mention the 'finger markings' of the parr stage, and there are some grammatical errors (e.g., 'After lying eggs' should be 'After laying eggs', 'of his life' should be 'of their life'). Additionally, the phrasing could be more precise in places, such as 'grouping with smolts' which is slightly awkward. Overall, the response covers the task requirements well, but these small issues prevent it from achieving a higher score.

Coherence & Cohesion

The report is logically organized and follows the sequence of the life cycle clearly. The use of cohesive devices such as 'Overall', 'The life cycle starts', 'After around 3 months', 'Following one to three years' helps the reader follow the progression. However, there are minor lapses in cohesion, such as the abrupt transition from 'parr' to 'smolt' and the final sentence which could be better linked to the preceding one. Paragraphing is adequate but could be improved by separating the stages more distinctly.

Lexical Resource

The report uses a good range of vocabulary appropriate for the task, including terms like 'spawned', 'hatch', 'alevins', 'yolk sacs', 'migrating', and 'mature'. There is some repetition (e.g., 'after' used multiple times) and a few awkward phrases such as 'grouping with smolts' and 'spends one to eight years of his life in ocean' which could be more natural. Overall, the lexical resource is adequate but lacks the sophistication and flexibility of a higher band score. Boost vocabulary complexity to elevate the overall score.

Grammatical Range & Accuracy

The report demonstrates a good range of grammatical structures, including complex sentences and time clauses. There are minor errors, such as 'After lying eggs' (should be 'laying eggs') and 'it becomes smolt' (should be 'they become smolt' for consistency), and a missing article before 'ocean'. Punctuation is mostly correct, but there are a few run-on sentences and missing spaces (e.g., 'fry.After'). These errors are infrequent and do not impede understanding, but they prevent a higher score.

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