The process diagram illustrates the phases and special equipment used in cement production, as well as how cement is used in making concrete for construction purposes.
Overall, the provided diagram is divided into two stages: cement production and concrete production. While the cement-making process involves several types of equipment such as a crusher, mixer, rotating heater, and grinder, concrete production is carried out using a single machine – a concrete mixer.
In the first stage, limestone and clay are crushed together to produce a fine powder, which serves as the base for cement. This powder is then mixed and heated in a special rotating heater. After heating, the material is ground in a grinder to produce cement. Finally, the cement is packed into bags, ready for use in concrete production.
In the second stage, concrete is made by combining different materials in a large concrete mixer. These include 15% cement, 10% water, 25% sand, and 50% gravel (small stones). The mixture is blended thoroughly to produce concrete, which is then used for building purposes.