The diagram illustrates the biological structure and functions of a nerve cell.
Overall, there are two main parts responsible for receiving and delivering messages.
Cell body, or soma, is located in the center and surrounded by dendrites, which have the role of obtaining information from the other nerve cell. Those signals are then transmitted to soma for analyzing. Having been processed, messages are sent to a stage that is called action potential.
In action potential phases, processed information is passed through axon, which is the same as an electric wire in a neuron. It is shielded by capsule-like components, named myelin sheath to stimulate the speed of neural impulses. After signals are transferred to the end of a neuron, they are sent to another cell by the connection between terminal buttons and the other branch-like system. It helps to maintain the process of analyzing and transmitting information in a body.
