Process Diagram

Band 8+: The diagrams below show the development of the horse over a period of 40 million years. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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Image for topic: The diagrams below show the development of the horse over a period of 40 million years. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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The image contains diagrams showing the development of the horse over 40 million years, illustrated in four stages: Eohippus, from 40 million years ago, is depicted with a foot structure showing multiple digits; Mesohippus, from 30 million years ago, is shown with a three-toed foot; Merychippus, from 15 million years ago, is illustrated with a foot that has a more prominent central toe; and the modern Horse is shown with a single-hoofed foot.

Given the complexity of the image, the above description may not be entirely accurate.

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Note: Both the topic and the answer were created by one of our users.

The diagrams demonstrate how the horse has evolved over a 40-million-year period.

Overall, the horse has developed bigger in size, as well as longer legs and neck, and the redcution in number of toes.

Looking first at the Eohippus, this species dates back 40 million years, the body of the first horse species was relatively small with short legs, while its hoof encompassed five toes with relatively identical size except for one tiny toe. The next generation, the Mesohippus, which emerged 30 million years ago, grew bigger in size, but lost two toes and the middle one was significantly bigger and longer than the others.

Moving to the Merychippus, dating back approximately 15 million years, this species was slightly bigger than its previous generation, with a smaller middle toe. Finally, the modern horse has a well-developed body with a longer and thicker neck. Also, its hoof now only has one single toe instead of three.

Word Count: 155

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Overall Band Score

(+/- 0.5)

Vocabulary Complexity:
C1 - Intricate
Strive to incorporate even richer and more precise language.

Grammar Mistakes: N/A

Vocabulary Repetition:

horse: 4

bigger: 4

longer: 3

species: 3

million: 3

years: 3

Try using synonyms for the above words

Task Response

The report appropriately addresses the task by describing the main stages of horse evolution and making comparisons. It covers the key features such as size, leg length, and toe reduction. However, there are minor inaccuracies and omissions: the description of the Eohippus foot mentions five toes, but the visual description indicates multiple digits without specifying the number; the Merychippus description incorrectly states a smaller middle toe, whereas the visual description indicates a more prominent central toe. Additionally, the report omits mention of the neck length in earlier stages and could improve clarity in the overall trend. Overall, the response is relevant and sufficient, with minor lapses that do not detract significantly from task achievement.

Coherence & Cohesion

The report is well-organized and easy to follow, with a clear overall structure. The introduction and overview are present, and the body paragraphs logically describe each stage in chronological order. However, the use of cohesive devices could be more varied; for instance, the transitions between paragraphs are somewhat simple. Additionally, the final paragraph could be more clearly linked to the previous ones to enhance overall cohesion.

Lexical Resource

The vocabulary used is appropriate and mostly precise, with some good attempts at paraphrasing (e.g., 'evolved', 'dates back', 'emerged'). There are minor inaccuracies such as 'redcution' (typo) and 'hoof encompassed' which could be more natural. The range of vocabulary is adequate, but there is room for more sophisticated and varied lexical choices to achieve a higher band.

Grammatical Range & Accuracy

The grammar is largely accurate with a good mix of sentence structures, including complex sentences. There are a few minor errors, such as 'redcution' (spelling) and 'the body of the first horse species was relatively small with short legs, while its hoof encompassed five toes with relatively identical size except for one tiny toe' which is slightly awkward. Overall, the grammatical control is strong, but not flawless, so a score of 8 is appropriate.

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