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Band 8+: The pie chart below shows the average household expenditures in a country in 1950 and 2010. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.

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The image illustrates two pie charts showing average household expenditures in 1950 and 2010 with percentages for each category: In 1950, Housing 72.1%, Food 11.2%, Health Care 2.4%, Education 6.6%, Transportation 3.3%, Other 4.4%; In 2010, Housing 22.0%, Food 34.0%, Health Care 4.5%, Education 6.3%, Transportation 14.0%, Other 19.2%.

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The pie charts illustrate the median expenses of families in one specific country between 1950 and 2010.

Overall, housing was by far the most popular expenditure in 1950, however, in 2010 the households’ expenditures on food took the leading position. In addition, the figures for almost all categories increased, except education and housing.

In 1950, the average household spending on housing had the dominant proportion compared to other categories. In particular, families spent almost three quaters of the total budget. However, other categories accounted for the minor fractions, such as the proportion of food expenses at 11.2%. Following this, 6.6% of households’ finances were spent on education which was twice the percentage for transportation. While 4.4% of budget was allocated for other spendings, only 2.4% was recorded on health care.

Turning to the year 2010, the figures for almost all sectors experienced an upward trend. Households spent the most on the food sector, which made up 34% and exceeded the percentage of expenditure on accommodation by 12%. Additionally, almost one fifth of entire budget was allocated to other expenses. The portions of transportation and health care grew noticeably, accounting for 14% and 4.5% respectively in the final year. By contrast, another section that showed a downward trend was education, decreasing to 6.3% in 2010.

Word Count: 214

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Overall Band Score

(+/- 0.5)

Vocabulary Complexity:
C1 - Intricate
Strive to incorporate even richer and more precise language.

Grammar Mistakes: N/A

Vocabulary Repetition:

almost: 4

other: 4

expenses: 3

categories: 3

education: 3

spent: 3

budget: 3

Try using synonyms for the above words

Task Response

The report effectively addresses the task by providing a clear overview and detailed comparison of the two pie charts. The structure is logical, with an introduction, overall summary, and specific data for each year. The data is mostly accurate, and the trends are correctly identified. Minor omissions (e.g., not explicitly stating the exact percentage for housing in 2010) and slight inaccuracies (e.g., 'almost three quaters' instead of '72.1%') do not detract from the overall clarity and relevance. To improve, ensure precise data representation and avoid minor spelling errors. Overall, the response is well-organized and meets the task requirements.

Coherence & Cohesion

The report is well-organized and easy to follow. The introduction clearly states the purpose, and the overview effectively summarizes the main trends. The body paragraphs are logically divided between the two years, and the use of cohesive devices (e.g., 'In particular', 'Following this', 'Turning to', 'By contrast') helps guide the reader. However, there are minor lapses in cohesion, such as the abrupt transition from the overview to the first body paragraph, and the final sentence could be more smoothly integrated. Overall, the paragraphing is managed well, but a few linking phrases could be refined for even smoother flow.

Lexical Resource

The report demonstrates a good range of vocabulary appropriate for the task, with words like 'dominant proportion', 'minor fractions', 'upward trend', and 'allocated'. There is some flexibility in expression, and the language is generally accurate. However, there are a few instances of less precise or slightly informal phrasing, such as 'almost three quaters' (spelling error) and 'the most on the food sector' which could be more naturally expressed as 'the largest proportion on food'. Additionally, the phrase 'households' finances' is a bit awkward. Overall, the lexical resource is strong, but a few refinements would enhance precision and naturalness.

Grammatical Range & Accuracy

The report uses a variety of sentence structures, including complex sentences and appropriate use of passive voice (e.g., 'was spent', 'was allocated'). Grammar is mostly accurate, with only minor errors such as 'quaters' (should be 'quarters') and a slight issue with the phrase 'almost three quaters of the total budget' (missing 'the' before 'total budget'). Punctuation is generally correct, though there is a missing comma after 'however' in the overview. The range of structures is good, and the errors are infrequent and do not impede understanding. With minor corrections, the grammatical accuracy would be excellent.

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