The given diagram illustrates the structure and operation of a modern household landfill.
Overall, the process includes 4 main stages, beginning with the construction of the landfill and ending with its closure after waste deposition.
In the first stage, a rectangular hole is dug into the ground until it reaches the underneath layer of natural rock. Once the hole has been dug, it is then lined with a thick layer of clay, followed by a layer of synthetic material which helps to stop toxic waste substances from leaching into the surrounding earth. Then, drainage pipes and a drainage tank are also installed in order to remove the toxic waste liquids from the bottom of the landfill.
At the following stage, garbage trucks bring household waste and dump it into the landfill. The liquid from the waste goes into the drainage pipes to keep the landfill clean. In the closure stage, after the landfill is filled, a layer of clay covers the waste, sealing it off. A pipe is installed to allow gases produced by the decomposing waste to escape safely, ensuring that the landfill remains stable and does not build up excessive pressure.