Nowadays, the growing number of citizens is now a serious problem in many countries, prompting the government to push for relocation to rural areas. While encouraging people to move to underpopulated places has several drawbacks, its benefits, such as economic development and reduction in pollution, outweigh its disadvantages.
One of the most essential benefits of guiding people to move to rural areas is to contribute for solving pollution problems, as the number of cars and other vehicles on the busy streets of major cities emits large amounts of toxic gases into the air. Furthermore, moving some businesses and residents to less populated places would reduce the number of vehicles, reducing both noise and air pollution. For example, after relocating most of the industrial park clusters out of the Ho Chi Minh City area in the last 10 years, it has been seen that the peak hours in the city have decreased significantly. Furthermore, motivating city dwellers to live and work in rural areas can lead to significant economic improvements. With new workplaces and businesses being built, the unemployment rate in rural areas will decrease, which will boost the nation’s economy. Additionally, this trend will help minimize the number of unemployed graduates, as smaller places in the country will need high skill of employees. For instance, students in the central region can return to their hometowns to work for THACO where they can be less expensive because they can stay with their families instead of staying in big cities to find work and rent apartment.
On the other hand, the relocation of local citizens of cities to uninhabited areas can cause adaptation problems. Indigenous people in rural areas have unusual moral values due to a lack of education, which seems quite absurd to city dwellers and makes it difficult for them to get used to life in those areas. As a result, problems in the integration process of newcomers and rural locals can reduce productivity on both sides, leading to even more complex problems than before, such as social tensions. For example, a Ho Chi Minh City resident after moving his job to Quang Ninh and working in the automobile industry cluster is very likely to have a conflict in the living culture as well as the working environment due to cultural differences in communication behavior.
To sum up, although there are some demerits of encouraging citizens of cities to move to rural places, the benefits clearly outweigh them in the long term