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The image displays a flowchart diagram explaining the negative effects of clear-cutting forests, starting point Clear-cutting of forests lead to three initial consequences: Heavy logging equipment compresses the soil, Fewer roots hold the topsoil in, Increased risk of burning (deliberate or accidental). The first leads to Soil becomes hard and 'baked', resulting in Rainwater runs off which causes Flooding. The second leads to Topsoil erodes. The third leads to Waste wood from logging is destroyed, and Plants return less moisture to air. Destruction of waste wood means Micro-organisms feeding on waste lost which results in Pioneer species move in, vegetation is degraded leading to Less biodiversity. Plants returning less moisture results in Less precipitation which leads to Increased drought. No numerical data points/percentages provided.
Given the complexity of the image, the above description may not be entirely accurate.
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The flowchart shows the different effects that happen when forests are clear-cut. There are four main ways that cutting down trees impacts the environment, eventually leading to a drop in biodiversity.
First, the use of heavy logging equipment makes the soil very hard and “baked.” Because the ground is so compressed, rainwater cannot soak into the earth and instead runs off the surface, which causes flooding. At the same time, because there are fewer tree roots to hold the soil together, the topsoil begins to erode and wash away.
Secondly, deforestation affects the climate and the local ecosystem. When plants are removed, they return less moisture to the air. This leads to less rain and more frequent droughts. Additionally, there is a higher risk of fires, either by accident or on purpose. These fires destroy waste wood and kill the micro-organisms that live in it.
Finally, because the soil is in bad condition and there is less water, “pioneer species” move in. This causes the original vegetation to degrade even more. In the end, all of these problems combine to cause a serious loss of biodiversity in the area.
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