The diagram below illustrates the method of extracting sugar from sugar cane.
Overall, the process begins with growing the sugar cane and ends with drying and cooling. There are seven different stages involved in this process, and sugar cane is the required raw material to produce crystal sugar.
In the first step of the process, it takes 12 to 18 months for the sugar cane to grow. The sugar cane is then harvested, either manually or by machine. The next step involves crushing the cane to extract a liquid, which is impure and requires purification through a stone filtration process. This purified liquid is known as juice.
Following this, the juice is placed in an evaporator, and heat is applied until it turns into syrup. The syrup is then separated to obtain sugar crystals in a centrifuge. Finally, the sugar crystals go through a drying and cooling process to obtain pure crystal sugar. The final step involves packaging the sugar for sale in the market.