The diagram illustrates the step-by-step process of sugar production from sugarcane.
Overall, the procedure involves seven key stages, beginning with the growth of sugarcane and culminating in the final step of drying and cooling the sugar crystals for consumption.
In the first stage, sugarcane plants are cultivated for a period of 12 to 18 months. Once they reach maturity, they are harvested, either manually by cutting or using mechanical equipment. The canes are then shortened to two-thirds of their original length. Following this, the harvested canes undergo a crushing process, during which their juice is extracted and collected in a container.
In the next stage, the liquid is purified by passing it through a filter composed of limestone, which removes any impurities. After purification, the liquid is heated inside an evaporator, transforming it into syrup. Subsequently, this syrup is spun in a centrifuge to isolate the sugar crystals from the remaining liquid. In the final stage, these sugar crystals are dried and cooled to form the refined sugar, ready for consumption.