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Practice dictation & shadowing on the Cambridge IELTS 11 Academic Listening Part 3 Test 4.
Cambridge IELTS 11 Academic Listening Test 4 Part 3
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Total Correct Answers:
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Speaker 1 (1)
Hi, Joanna. Good to meet you.
Speaker 1 (2)
Now before we discuss your new research project, I'd like to hear something about the psychology study you did last year for your master's degree.
Speaker 1 (3)
So how did you choose your subject for that?
Speaker 2 (4)
Well, I had 6 subjects, all professional musicians and all female.
Speaker 2 (5)
3 were violinists, and there was also a cello player and a pianist and a flute player.
Speaker 2 (6)
They were all very highly regarded in the music world, and they'd done quite extensive tours in different continents.
Speaker 2 (7)
And quite a few had won prizes and competitions as well.
Speaker 1 (8)
And they were quite young, weren't they?
Speaker 2 (9)
Yes. Between 25 and 29. Um, the mean was 27.8.
Speaker 2 (10)
I wasn't specifically looking for artists who'd produced recordings, but this is something that's just taken for granted these days, and they all had.
Speaker 1 (11)
Right. Now you collected your data through telephone interviews, didn't you?
Speaker 2 (12)
Yes. I realised if I was going to interview leading musicians, it'd only be possible over the phone because they're so busy.
Speaker 2 (13)
I recorded them using a telephone recording adapter.
Speaker 2 (14)
I'd been worried about the quality, but it worked out alright.
Speaker 2 (15)
I managed at least a 30-minute interview with each subject, sometimes longer.
Speaker 1 (16)
Did doing it on the phone make it more stressful?
Speaker 2 (17)
I thought it might. It was all quite informal though, and in fact they seemed very keen to talk.
Speaker 2 (18)
And I don't think using the phone meant I got less rich data, rather the opposite in fact.
Speaker 1 (19)
Interesting. And you were looking at how performers dress for concert performances?
Speaker 2 (20)
That's right. My research investigated the way players see their role as a musician, and how this is linked to the type of clothing they decide to wear.
Speaker 2 (21)
But that focus didn't emerge immediately.
Speaker 2 (22)
When I started, I was more interested in trying to investigate the impact of what was worn on those listening.
Speaker 2 (23)
And also whether someone like a violinist might adopt a different style of clothing from, say, someone playing the flute or the trumpet.
Speaker 1 (24)
It's interesting that the choice of dress is up to the individual, isn't it?
Speaker 2 (25)
Yes. You'd expect there to be rules about it in orchestras, but that's quite rare.
Speaker 1 (26)
You only had women performers in your study. Was that because male musicians are less worried about fashion?
Speaker 2 (27)
I think a lot of the men are very much influenced by fashion, but in social terms, the choices they have are more limited.
Speaker 2 (28)
They'd really upset audiences if they strayed away from quite narrow boundaries.
Speaker 1 (29)
Now popular music has quite different expectations.
Speaker 1 (30)
Uh, did you read Mike Frost's article about the dress of women performers in popular music?
Speaker 2 (31)
No.
Speaker 1 (32)
Well, he points out that a lot of female singers and musicians in popular music tend to dress down in performances and wear less feminine clothes, um, like jeans instead of skirts.
Speaker 1 (33)
Uh, and he suggests this is because otherwise they'd just be discounted as trivial.
Speaker 2 (34)
But you could argue they're just wearing what's practical.
Speaker 2 (35)
I mean, a pop music concert is usually a pretty energetic affair.
Speaker 1 (36)
Yes. He doesn't make that point, but I think you're probably right.
Speaker 1 (37)
I was interested by the effect of the audience at a musical performance when it came to the choice of dress.
Speaker 2 (38)
The subject I interviewed felt this was really important.
Speaker 2 (39)
It's all to do with what we understand by performance as a public event.
Speaker 2 (40)
They believed the audience had certain expectations, and it was up to them as performers to fulfill these expectations to show a kind of esteem.
Speaker 1 (41)
They weren't afraid of looking as if they'd made an effort to look good.
Speaker 2 (42)
I think in the past, the audience would have had those expectations of one another too, but that's not really the case now, not in the UK anyway.
Speaker 1 (43)
No.
Speaker 2 (44)
And I also got interested in what sports scientists are doing too with regard to clothing.
Speaker 1 (45)
Musicians are quite vulnerable physically, aren't they?
Speaker 1 (46)
Because the movements they carry out are very intensive and repetitive.
Speaker 1 (47)
So I'd imagine some features of sports clothing could safeguard the players from the potentially dangerous effects of this sort of thing.
Speaker 2 (48)
Yes. But musicians don't really consider it.
Speaker 2 (49)
They avoid clothing that obviously restricts their movements, but that's as far as they go.
Speaker 1 (50)
Anyway, coming back to your own research, do you have any idea where you're going from here?
Speaker 2 (51)
I was thinking of doing a study using an audience,...