Master the Cambridge IELTS 10 Academic Reading Test 2 Passage 1 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
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Cambridge IELTS 10 Academic Reading Test 2 Passage 1
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anthropological
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(adj) /ˌæn.θrə.pəˈlɑː.dʒɪ.kəl/
related to the study of humans and their societies
Example: She is studying anthropological theories in her class.
enigma
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(n) /ɪˈnɪɡ.mə/
something that is difficult to understand or explain
Example: The mystery of the missing keys was an enigma.
affluent
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(adj) /ˈæf.lu.ənt/
having a lot of money and high living standards
Example: The affluent family went on luxurious vacations.
criterion
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(n) /kraɪˈtɪəriən/
a standard or principle by which something is judged
Example: The teacher explained the criterion for the project.
industrialize
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(v) /ɪnˈdʌstriəlaɪz/
to develop industries in a country or region
Example: The government wants to industrialize the rural areas.
sufficient
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(adj) /səˈfɪʃ.ənt/
enough; as much as is needed
Example: This recipe is sufficient for six people.
antiseptic
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(n) /ˌæn.tɪˈsep.tɪk/
a substance that helps prevent infection
Example: Doctors use antiseptic to clean wounds.
tannin
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(n) /ˈtæn.ɪn/
a substance found in tea and some plants that can have a protective effect
Example: Tannin is often present in red wine.
succumb
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(v) /səˈkʌm/
to give in or yield
Example: He did not succumb to the temptation of sweets.
dysentery
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(n) /ˈdɪs.ən.ˌtɛr.i/
a serious disease that causes severe diarrhea and can lead to dehydration
Example: Dysentery can spread through contaminated water.
eccentric
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(adj) /ɪkˈsɛntrɪk/
strange or unusual
Example: Her eccentric style always makes her stand out.
deduction
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(n) /dɪˈdʌkʃən/
the act of reaching a conclusion from available information
Example: Her deduction helped solve the mystery.
scepticism
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(n) /ˈskɛptɪˌsɪzəm/
a feeling of doubt or disbelief
Example: His scepticism about the plan made others think twice.
appraisal
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(n) /əˈpreɪzl/
an evaluation or assessment of something, especially in terms of its value
Example: The teacher gave a positive appraisal of my essay.
alight
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(v) /əˈlaɪt/
to discover or notice something
Example: The researchers alighted on an important idea for their project.
static
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(adj) /ˈstætɪk/
not changing or moving
Example: The population was static for many years.
mortality
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(n) /mɔːrˈtæl.ɪ.ti/
the number of deaths in a specific group or area
Example: The mortality rate in that city was very high last year.
halve
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(v) /hæv/
to divide something into two equal parts
Example: Please halve the cake so we can share it.
viruse
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(n) /ˈvaɪrəˌsiz/
small germs that can make people sick
Example: Some viruses can cause colds and flu.
bacterium
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(n) /bækˈtɪəriəm/
a type of very small living thing that can only be seen with a microscope
Example: A bacterium can cause an infection.
malaria
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(n) /məˈleə.ri.ə/
a serious disease caused by a parasite that is spread by the bite of certain mosquitoes
Example: Many people in tropical areas get malaria.
sanitation
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(n) /ˌsænɪˈteɪʃən/
the process of keeping places clean and healthy to prevent disease
Example: Sanitation is very important for health.
decline
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(n) /dɪˈklaɪn/
a decrease in the amount or quality of something
Example: There was a decline in the number of tourists last year.
economically
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(adv) /ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪkli/
in a way that relates to money or the use of resources
Example: The company is operating economically to save money.
incidence
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(n) /ˈɪnsɪdəns/
the occurrence or frequency of something
Example: The incidence of water-borne diseases increased when people started drinking less beer.
deduce
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(v) /dɪˈdjuːs/
to figure something out using the information you have
Example: She can deduce the answer from the clues.
regulate
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(v) /ˈrɛɡ.jʊ.leɪt/
to control or maintain something
Example: Laws help to regulate the use of cars on the road.
antibacterial
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(adj) /ˌænti.bɪkˈtɪər.i.əl/
having the ability to stop the growth of bacteria
Example: The soap has antibacterial properties.
preserve
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(v) /prɪˈzɜrv/
to keep something in its original state or in good condition
Example: We need to preserve our planet for future generations.
malt
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(n) /mɔlt/
grains that are soaked and dried, used to make beer
Example: The beer was made from high-quality malt.
prevalence
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(n) /ˈprɛv.ə.ləns/
the fact of something being very common or widespread
Example: The prevalence of tea in their culture is quite remarkable.
clipper
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(n) /ˈklɪpər/
a type of fast sailing ship
Example: The clipper raced across the sea with full sails.
coincidence
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(n) /koʊˈɪn.sɪ.dəns/
an event that happens by chance and seems to be related but is not planned
Example: It was a coincidence that we met at the same restaurant.
purify
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(v) /ˈpjʊrɪˌfaɪ/
to remove dirt or harmful substances from something
Example: We need to purify the water before drinking it.
contention
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(n) /kənˈtɛnʃən/
a disagreement or argument
Example: There was a lot of contention about the best way to solve the problem.
forge
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(v) /fɔrdʒ/
to create or produce something, especially with effort
Example: The blacksmith will forge a new sword.
literacy
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(n) /ˈlɪtərəsi/
the ability to read and write
Example: Many programs aim to improve literacy in communities.
futures market
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(n) /ˈfjuːtʃərz ˈmɑːrkɪt/
a market where contracts are made to buy or sell goods at a future date
Example: Investors traded in the futures market to secure prices in advance.
labour-saving
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(adj) /ˈleɪbərˌseɪvɪŋ/
designed to reduce the amount of work needed
Example: They bought a labour-saving device to help with the housework.
abandon
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(v) /əˈbændən/
to leave someone or something behind and not return
Example: They had to abandon their old car at the side of the road.
anthropological
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(adj) /ˌænθrəpəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/
related to the study of people and their societies
Example: The professor wrote an anthropological paper on ancient cultures.
revolution
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(n) /ˌrɛvəˈluːʃən/
a sudden, radical change or a complete overthrow of a system
Example: The revolution changed how people lived and worked.
industrial
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(adj) /ɪnˈdʌstrɪəl/
related to industry or factories
Example: The city has many industrial buildings.
technology
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(n) /tɛkˈnɑlədʒi/
the use of scientific knowledge for practical purposes
Example: New technology helps us communicate better.
urban
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(adj) /ˈɜr.bən/
related to a city or town
Example: Many people live in urban areas.
transport
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(v) /ˈtrænspɔrt/
to carry or move something from one place to another
Example: They transport goods by truck every day.
market-driven
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(adj) /ˈmɑrkɪt ˈdrɪvən/
driven by the needs and wants of buyers or consumers
Example: The business focuses on a market-driven approach to satisfy its customers.
factor
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(n) /ˈfæktər/
something that helps to cause a result
Example: The weather is an important factor in planning the trip.
flourish
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(v) /ˈflɔːrɪʃ/
to grow or develop in a healthy or vigorous way
Example: The plants flourish in the sunlight.
notable
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(adj) /ˈnoʊtəbl/
worthy of attention; important
Example: The museum has a notable collection of ancient artifacts.
distinguished
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(adj) /dɪsˈtɪŋɡwɪʃt/
famous or respected for a special quality or achievement
Example: The distinguished author received an award for her work.