Cambridge IELTS 11 Academic Reading Test 1 Passage 3

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Definition

(n) the deliberate alteration of the environment to combat climate change Example: Scientists are researching ______ to help reduce global warming.

Term

geo-engineering

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Definition

(n) a person who supports a particular idea or plan Example: He is a ______ of using renewable energy.

Term

proponent

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Definition

(n) a state of relying on someone or something Example: His ______ on his smartphone worries his parents.

Term

dependency

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Definition

(n) the remains of a plant or animal that lived a long time ago, preserved in rock Example: The museum has a ______ of a dinosaur.

Term

fossil

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Definition

(v) to control something in a clever or secret way Example: The magician can ______ the cards easily.

Term

manipulate

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Definition

(adj) related to a specific area or place Example: The project was very successful on a small ______ scale.

Term

localised

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Definition

(v) to spread out over a wide area Example: The teacher asked the students to ______ into groups.

Term

disperse

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Definition

(adj) able to bend or change the direction of sunlight Example: The scientists designed a ______ device to help cool the planet.

Term

sunlight-refracting

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Definition

(n) the layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere Example: The weather balloons fly into the ______.

Term

stratosphere

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Definition

(n) a small particle or droplet in the air, often used in sprays Example: The spray can released an ______ into the air.

Term

aerosol

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Definition

(v) to encourage or make something happen Example: The teacher tries to ______ interest in science.

Term

stimulate

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Definition

(n) simple, small plants that grow in water and can be green, blue-green, or brown Example: The pond is full of ______.

Term

algae

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Definition

(v) to fill something up again or make it full Example: We need to ______ the water in the aquarium.

Term

replenish

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Definition

(n) the distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees Example: The ______ of the city affects its climate.

Term

latitude

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Definition

(n) a yellow chemical element that is used in various industrial processes Example: ______ is an important part of many fertilizers.

Term

sulphur

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Definition

(n) a chemical compound made of two oxygen atoms and one other element Example: Carbon ______ is important for plants to grow.

Term

dioxide

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Definition

(n) the act of reducing light or brightness Example: The ______ of the lights made the room feel cozy.

Term

dimming

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Definition

(v) to examine something very carefully Example: The scientists ______ the data from their experiments.

Term

scrutinise

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Definition

(adj) made stronger or more secure Example: They used ______ materials to build the bridge.

Term

reinforced

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Definition

(adj) having leaves that stay green throughout the year Example: ______ trees look beautiful in every season.

Term

evergreen

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Definition

(v) to take in or soak up a liquid or energy Example: The sponge can ______ water quickly.

Term

absorb

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Definition

(n) energy that travels in the form of waves or particles Example: The sun gives off ______ that warms the Earth.

Term

radiation

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Definition

(v) to put a plan or decision into effect Example: The school will ______ new rules next year.

Term

implement

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Definition

(adj) careful to avoid danger or risks Example: She is always ______ when crossing the street.

Term

cautious

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Definition

(adj) able to be replaced or restored, especially in terms of energy from natural sources Example: Solar power is a ______ source of energy.

Term

renewable

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Definition

(adj) cautious and not willing to take risks Example: The scientist was ______ about the new project.

Term

guarded

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Definition

(v) to introduce a substance into something, usually using a needle Example: The doctor will ______ the medicine into your arm.

Term

inject

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Definition

(n) water that falls from the sky as rain, snow, sleet, or hail Example: The ______ helped the flowers grow.

Term

precipitation

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Definition

(n) the region of the Earth near the equator, known for its warm climate Example: The ______ have many kinds of plants and animals.

Term

tropics

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Definition

(n) the area, amount, or degree to which something exists or is present Example: The ______ of the damage was shocking.

Term

extent

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Definition

(v) to go beyond a limit or target Example: The scientists worry that their plans might ______ the needed temperature.

Term

overshoot

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Definition

(adj) relating to a time before industries became important Example: The village has a ______ way of life.

Term

pre-industrial

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Definition

(n) the process of developing industries in a country or area Example: The ______ of the city brought many new jobs.

Term

industrialisation

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Definition

(n) a situation or sequence of events that might happen in the future Example: He imagined a ______ where everyone helped each other.

Term

scenario

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Definition

(v) to make something stronger or more forceful Example: The teacher ______ the lesson with examples.

Term

reinforces

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Definition

(n) the protection of plants, animals, and natural resources Example: Many people join groups to promote ______.

Term

conservation

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Definition

(n) a person who gives advice, especially in a professional context Example: The ______ helped me choose the right course for my studies.

Term

advisor

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Definition

(adv) in a detailed and complete way Example: She studied ______ for the exam.

Term

thoroughly

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Definition

(adj) certain to happen; unavoidable Example: The rain was ______, so we brought our umbrellas.

Term

inevitable

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Definition

(v) to stop something from increasing Example: We need to ______ the flow of water from the broken pipe.

Term

stem

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Definition

(v) to change something to its opposite state Example: They want to ______ the damage done to the environment.

Term

reverse

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Definition

(adv) as a result; therefore Example: She was late, and ______, she missed the bus.

Term

consequently

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Definition

(adj) done on purpose; planned Example: His ______ actions led to great success.

Term

intentional

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Definition

(n) the act of controlling or influencing someone or something in a clever way Example: The magician's ______ of the cards amazed everyone.

Term

manipulation

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Definition

(adj) equal in value or meaning Example: The two solutions are ______ in their effects.

Term

equivalent

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Definition

(n) an amount of money placed in a bank Example: I need to make a ______ at the bank.

Term

deposit

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Definition

(adj) allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be seen clearly Example: The window is ______ and lets in a lot of sunlight.

Term

transparent

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Definition

(n) a vehicle designed for travel or operation in outer space Example: The ______ will launch into orbit tomorrow.

Term

spacecraft

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Definition

(adj) very small in size or amount Example: She only needed a ______ amount of sugar for the recipe.

Term

minute

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Definition

(n) the path one object takes around another object in space Example: The satellite will ______ the Earth every 90 minutes.

Term

orbit

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Definition

(n) the air surrounding the Earth Example: The ______ is important for life on our planet.

Term

atmosphere

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Definition

(adj) having the ability to explode or burst Example: The scientist studied ______ materials for the experiment.

Term

explosive

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Definition

(v) to examine something very carefully Example: The scientists ______ the data before making a conclusion.

Term

scrutinize

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Definition

(v) to drop or remove something, especially leaves or tears Example: The trees ______ their leaves in the fall.

Term

shed

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Definition

(adj) lasting for a long time or forever Example: She needs a ______ home.

Term

permanent

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Definition

(adj) happening or done quickly Example: He made a ______ decision to leave the party.

Term

rapid

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Master the Cambridge IELTS 11 Academic Reading Test 1 Passage 3 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.