Master the Cambridge IELTS 12 Academic Reading Test 3 Passage 2 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
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Cambridge IELTS 12 Academic Reading Test 3 Passage 2
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eradicate
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(v) /ɪˈrædɪkeɪt/
to completely get rid of something
Example: The goal is to eradicate diseases that harm people.
prevalent
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(adj) /ˈprɛvələnt/
existing or happening often in a particular place or among a particular group
Example: Flu is more prevalent in the winter months.
globalised
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(adj) /ˈɡloʊbəlˌaɪzd/
made to be connected and influenced by the world as a whole
Example: The market has become more globalised in recent years.
super-virus
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(n) /ˈsuːpərˌvaɪrəs/
a virus that is very strong and resistant to treatment
Example: A super-virus can spread quickly among the population.
antibiotic
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(n) /ˌæntibaiˈɒtɪk/
a medicine used to kill bacteria or prevent their growth
Example: The doctor prescribed an antibiotic for the infection.
foster
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(v) /ˈfɔːstər/
to help something grow or develop
Example: The warm climate can foster many types of plants.
altitude
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(n) /ˈæl.tɪ.tjuːd/
the height of something above sea level
Example: The altitude of the mountain is very high.
geographical
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(adj) /ˌdʒiːəˈɡræf.ɪ.kəl/
related to the physical features, population, or environment of a specific area
Example: The geographical layout of the city makes it easy to navigate.
smog
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(n) /smɔɡ/
a type of air pollution made from smoke and fog
Example: The city was covered in smog during the winter.
asthma
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(n) /ˈæz.mə/
a condition that makes it hard to breathe
Example: She has asthma and needs to use an inhaler.
industrialisation
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(n) /ɪnˌdʌstriəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/
the process of developing industries in a country or region
Example: The industrialisation of the city brought many new jobs.
pollution
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(n) /pəˈluːʃən/
the act of making air, water, or land dirty
Example: The city has high levels of pollution from cars.
respiratory
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(adj) /ˈrɛs.pə.rə.tɔːr.i/
related to breathing or the organs used for breathing
Example: Many people suffer from respiratory problems.
hybrid
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(n) /ˈhaɪ.brɪd/
a thing made by combining two different elements
Example: A hybrid car uses both gas and electricity.
eradication
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(n) /ɪˌrædɪˈkeɪʃən/
the act of getting rid of something completely
Example: The eradication of smallpox was a major achievement in medicine.
prone
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(adj) /proʊn/
likely to do or experience something
Example: Some people are prone to catching colds easily.
frequency
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(n) /ˈfriː.kwən.si/
the number of times something happens in a given time period
Example: The frequency of the trains makes it easy to travel.
overlay
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(n) /ˈoʊ.vər.leɪ/
a layer placed over something else to cover it or add information
Example: You can add an overlay to your map to show areas with high pollution.
correlation
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(n) /ˌkɔːrəˈleɪʃən/
a relationship or connection between two things
Example: The study showed a correlation between air quality and health problems.
epidemiology
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(n) /ˌɛpɪˌdiːmiˈɒlədʒi/
the study of how diseases spread and can be controlled
Example: Epidemiology helps us understand which people are at risk of getting sick.
interaction
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(n) /ˌɪn.təˈræk.ʃən/
the way in which two or more people or things communicate or act together
Example: The interaction between the doctors and patients is very important.
categorize
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(v) /ˈkæt.ə.ɡə.raɪz/
to sort or place into groups based on shared qualities
Example: We need to categorize the books by genre.
epidemic
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(n) /ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk/
a rapid spread of disease in a specific area
Example: The town faced an epidemic of the flu last winter.
vulnerable
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(adj) /ˈvʌlnərəbl/
capable of being harmed or hurt
Example: The shelter helps vulnerable people in the community.
subcategory
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(n) /ˈsʌbˌkæt.ə.gɔɪ/
a smaller group within a larger category
Example: A subcategory of health geography studies healthcare resources.
provision
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(n) /prəˈvɪʒ.ən/
the act of providing something, typically for use or support
Example: The school ensures good provision for all students.
discrepancy
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(n) /dɪsˈkrɛpənsi/
a difference or lack of agreement between things that should be the same
Example: There is a big discrepancy in the number of cars between the two cities.
bracket
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(n) /ˈbrækɪt/
a symbol used to group information, usually in pairs
Example: Please put the numbers in the bracket.
assess
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(v) /əˈsɛs/
to judge or decide the amount, value, or quality of something
Example: They assess the situation before making a decision.
frontline
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(n) /ˈfrʌnt.laɪn/
the most important position in an activity or situation
Example: Doctors are on the frontline of fighting diseases.
constitute
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(v) /ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt/
to be a part of something or to form something
Example: Many factors constitute a healthy lifestyle.
vaccination
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(n) /ˌvæksɪˈneɪʃən/
the act of getting a vaccine to protect against diseases
Example: Vaccination helps prevent many serious illnesses.
prevalence
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(n) /ˈprɛvələns/
the fact that something is common or widespread
Example: The prevalence of flu cases increases in winter.
infection
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(n) /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/
a disease caused by germs entering the body
Example: The doctor tested me for an infection.
resistant
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(adj) /rɪˈzɪstənt/
able to fight against something
Example: Some bacteria are resistant to antibiotics.
malaria
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(n) /məˈlɛəriə/
a serious disease caused by infected mosquitoes
Example: Many people in tropical regions are at risk of malaria.
tropical
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(adj) /ˈtrɑːpɪkəl/
relating to the hot and wet parts of the world near the equator
Example: The rainforest is in a tropical area.
damp
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(adj) /dæmp/
slightly wet or not completely dry
Example: The ground is damp after the rain.
mosquito
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(n) /məˈskiːtoʊ/
a small flying insect that bites and can carry diseases
Example: The mosquito buzzed around my ear.
well-being
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(n) /ˌwɛlˈbiːɪŋ/
a state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy
Example: Taking walks can improve your well-being.
polio
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(n) /ˈpoʊliˌoʊ/
a serious disease that can paralyze people
Example: Polio can affect children's ability to walk.
re-emerge
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(v) /ˌriːɪˈmɜrdʒ/
to appear again after being gone
Example: Some diseases can re-emerge after many years.
interpret
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(v) /ɪnˈtɜːrprɪt/
to explain the meaning of something
Example: We need to interpret the results of the experiment.
healthcare
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(n) /ˈhɛlθˌkɛr/
the organized provision of medical services to people
Example: Many communities are working to improve their healthcare options.
specific
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(adj) /spəˈsɪfɪk/
clearly defined or identified
Example: The teacher asked for a specific answer to the question.
location
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(n) /loʊˈkeɪʃən/
a particular place or position
Example: The location of the park is near my house.
analyze
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(v) /ˈænəˌlaɪz/
to examine something carefully in order to understand it
Example: We need to analyze the data before making a decision.
factor
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(n) /ˈfæktər/
something that contributes to a result or situation
Example: Weather is an important factor in farming.
individual
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(n) /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/
a single person or thing
Example: Each individual has their own unique story.
population
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(n) /ˌpɑːpjuˈleɪʃən/
the number of people who live in a certain area
Example: The population of the city is growing every year.
researcher
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(n) /rɪˈsɜːr.tʃər/
a person who studies or conducts research
Example: The researcher found new information about air pollution.
vulnerable
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(adj) /ˈvʌl.nə.rə.bəl/
easily hurt or harmed
Example: The group is vulnerable to changes in the weather.
recommendation
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(n) /ˌrɛkəmenˈdeɪʃən/
a suggestion or piece of advice about what to do
Example: The teacher gave a recommendation for the best book to read.
policy
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(n) /ˈpɑːl.ɪ.si/
a plan or rule made by an organization or government
Example: The school has a new policy for student behavior.
international
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(adj) /ˌɪn.tɚˈnæʃ.ən.əl/
related to or involving more than one country
Example: The meeting had many international guests.
government
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(n) /ˈɡʌvərnmənt/
the group of people who control a country or state
Example: The government is making new laws to protect the environment.
organisation
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(n) /ˌɔːr.ɡən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
a group of people who work together to achieve a goal
Example: The organisation helps people in need.
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