Cambridge IELTS 12 Academic Reading Test 4 Passage 3

Definition

(n) the way in which a company or organization is controlled and organized Example: Good ______ helps the company to succeed.

Term

governance

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Definition

(n) an extreme situation in which something suddenly fails or collapses Example: The company's financial ______ surprised everyone.

Term

meltdown

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) lasting for a long time Example: The meeting was ______ because many people wanted to speak.

Term

prolonged

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a period when something, especially the economy, becomes worse Example: The business faced a ______ last year.

Term

downturn

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Male Female

Definition

(n) an examination of an event after it has happened, to understand what went wrong Example: The team held a ______ to learn from their mistakes.

Term

post-mortem

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a person who examines financial records Example: The ______ checked the company's accounts carefully.

Term

auditor

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Male Female

Definition

(n) careful and thorough examination Example: The report received a lot of ______ from the critics.

Term

scrutiny

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the position of being a director in a company Example: She was excited to accept the ______ at the new company.

Term

directorship

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a list of things to be discussed or done Example: The ______ for the meeting includes important topics.

Term

agenda

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to pass responsibility or authority from a higher level to a lower level Example: The team ______ some tasks to the new members.

Term

devolved

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Male Female

Definition

(n) an examination of financial records Example: They decided to conduct an ______ of their finances.

Term

audit

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Male Female

Definition

(n) working together with one or more people to achieve something Example: The team showed great ______ on the project.

Term

collaboration

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) covering a large area or having a wide range Example: The report provided ______ information about the company's future.

Term

extensive

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Male Female

Definition

(n) payment or compensation for work done Example: She received fair ______ for her difficult job.

Term

remuneration

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to expect something to happen Example: We ______ good weather for the picnic.

Term

anticipate

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level, often regarding the environment Example: ______ is important for protecting our planet.

Term

sustainability

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a system of measuring something Example: We use the ______ to measure the size of the room.

Term

metric

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) relating to rules or laws that control something Example: New ______ changes will affect all businesses.

Term

regulatory

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Male Female

Definition

(n) cruel and oppressive government or rule Example: The people protested against the ______ of the rulers.

Term

tyranny

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to change something so that it is no longer true or accurate Example: The news report can ______ the facts.

Term

distort

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) impossible to satisfy; always wanting more Example: He had an ______ thirst for knowledge.

Term

insatiable

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a strong desire for food Example: I have a big ______ for lunch.

Term

appetite

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a particular way of doing something, especially a systematic way Example: The scientist used a new ______ for the experiment.

Term

methodology

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) helpful and useful, especially in improving a situation Example: The teacher gave ______ feedback on my essay.

Term

constructive

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to provide someone with a reason to do something, often by offering rewards Example: Companies often ______ employees to meet their sales targets.

Term

incentivize

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Male Female

Definition

(n) money given to someone in exchange for work or as a recompense for loss or injury Example: Her ______ was fair for the work she did.

Term

compensation

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the act of fighting in a battle or struggle Example: The meeting turned into a ______ over the proposed changes.

Term

combat

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to throw or toss something with force Example: The kids ______ the ball to each other.

Term

pitched

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a strong or angry stare Example: She gave him a ______ when he interrupted her.

Term

glare

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the quality of being open and honest; not hiding information Example: The company values ______ in its business practices.

Term

transparency

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a type of tissue in the body that can contract and help movement Example: He went to the gym to build his ______.

Term

muscle

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to perform less well than expected Example: The team tends to ______ in big games.

Term

underperform

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) making someone or something stay in a certain state or position Example: The agreement included ______ rules for all parties.

Term

binding

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) having no protection from something harmful Example: The ______ wire caused a safety hazard.

Term

exposed

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Male Female

Definition

(n) an extra payment, typically given as a reward Example: She received a ______ at the end of the year.

Term

bonus

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a situation that is strange or funny because things happen in a way that is the opposite of what you would expect Example: It was an ______ that the person who taught us honesty was caught lying.

Term

irony

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to make something happen or increase Example: The cold weather can ______ people to wear warm clothes.

Term

stimulate

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) made greater or stronger Example: The news brought about a ______ sense of awareness in the community.

Term

heightened

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to be gradually destroyed or worn away Example: The heavy rain can ______ the soil.

Term

erode

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) related to education or scholarship Example: She wants to have an ______ career in science.

Term

academic

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a system of beliefs about what is right and wrong Example: They discussed the ______ of their decisions.

Term

morality

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Male Female

Definition

(n) an economic system where businesses are owned by private people Example: In ______, people can start their own businesses.

Term

capitalism

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to include different things Example: The plan will ______ several new features.

Term

encompass

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a change to a new position or arrangement Example: The company plans a ______ of its business strategy.

Term

realignment

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a particular way of considering something Example: She has a different ______ on the problem.

Term

perspective

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) of the highest quality and lasting value Example: She loves listening to ______ music.

Term

classic

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to fill or load something with too much Example: The truck can easily ______ if too many boxes are added.

Term

overload

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to be passed to a lower level or from a higher authority to a lower one Example: The responsibilities will ______ to the new manager.

Term

devolve

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) not producing good results or not working well Example: The old machines are very ______.

Term

inefficient

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) relating to fundamental or extreme changes Example: The team proposed a ______ plan to improve sales.

Term

radical

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a rule or instruction that shows how something should be done Example: The teacher gave us a ______ for our project.

Term

guideline

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Male Female

Definition

(n) the process of finding new people to join a company or organization Example: The ______ for new employees starts next month.

Term

recruitment

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Male Female

Definition

(v) to understand something Example: I can ______ the instructions clearly.

Term

comprehend

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Male Female

Definition

(adv) to a degree that is enough or adequate Example: The exam was ______ easy for all the students.

Term

sufficiently

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) happening every three months Example: The company releases its financial report ______.

Term

quarterly

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Male Female

Definition

(adj) done by a machine without human control Example: The ______ system makes the work faster.

Term

automated

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Male Female

Definition

(n) a description of someone or something, often used to indicate their characteristics or qualities Example: I read a ______ of the famous actor in a magazine.

Term

profile

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Male Female