Cambridge IELTS 13 Academic Reading Test 4 Passage 2

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Definition

(adj) in danger of becoming extinct or disappearing Example: Many animals are ______ and need our help.

Term

endangered

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Definition

(adj) able to be used for farming or growing crops Example: The farmer looked for new ______ land.

Term

farmable

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Definition

(v) to keep something going or continue it Example: We must ______ our resources for future generations.

Term

sustain

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Definition

(n) the process of something becoming worse or losing quality Example: The ______ of the soil affects all the plants.

Term

degradation

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Definition

(n) a very small living thing that can only be seen with a microscope Example: A ______ can be found in every drop of water.

Term

microorganism

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Definition

(n) a group of living things that includes mushrooms, molds, and yeasts Example: ______ can help decompose dead plants.

Term

fungi

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Definition

(v) to break down into smaller parts or components Example: Leaves ______ and create rich soil.

Term

decompose

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Definition

(n) a natural substance found in the earth Example: The rock contains several important ______.

Term

mineral

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Definition

(n) a medicine that fights infections caused by bacteria Example: The doctor prescribed an ______ for my infection.

Term

antibiotic

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Definition

(adj) able to withstand or not be affected by something Example: Some plants are ______ to pests.

Term

resistant

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Definition

(n) a person or group that helps and supports another person or group Example: The country was a strong ______ in the fight for freedom.

Term

ally

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Definition

(v) to break down food in the body so it can be used Example: The body ______ food to provide energy.

Term

digest

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Definition

(n) a chemical element that is essential for life and found in organic substances Example: ______ is found in all living things.

Term

carbon

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Definition

(n) the mixture of gases around a planet Example: The ______ protects us from the sun's harmful rays.

Term

atmosphere

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Definition

(n) a lot of water that covers land that's usually dry Example: The heavy rain caused a ______ in the city.

Term

flood

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Definition

(v) to be slowly broken down into smaller parts Example: Leaves ______ in the fall to make soil rich.

Term

decay

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Definition

(adj) able to produce good crops Example: The farmers need ______ land to grow their vegetables.

Term

fertile

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Definition

(adj) land that is not used for growing crops or plants Example: The ______ land was full of wildflowers.

Term

uncultivated

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Definition

(adj) related to buying or selling goods and services Example: The store is focused on ______ activities.

Term

commercial

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Definition

(adj) made by combining different substances, not natural Example: They used ______ materials to make the new fabric.

Term

synthetic

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Definition

(n) a substance that helps plants grow by providing them with essential nutrients Example: Farmers use ______ to improve crop yields.

Term

fertiliser

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Definition

(adj) not showing careful choice or discrimination; random Example: The ______ use of water can lead to waste.

Term

indiscriminate

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Definition

(v) to provide food or other substances to help something grow or become healthy Example: Farmers ______ the crops with water and fertilizer.

Term

nourish

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Definition

(v) to grow or develop in a healthy way Example: With good care, the plants will ______.

Term

flourish

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Definition

(n) a mixed drink usually made with alcohol and other ingredients like fruit or soda Example: She ordered a ______ at the bar.

Term

cocktail

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Definition

(adj) helpful or advantageous Example: The bacteria in the soil are ______ for plant growth.

Term

beneficial

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Definition

(n) the dark organic material in soil, made from decaying plants and animals Example: ______ helps make the soil fertile.

Term

humus

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Definition

(v) to come out or become visible Example: After the rain, flowers began to ______ from the ground.

Term

emerge

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Definition

(v) to go through something with a sharp object Example: The roots can ______ the hard ground.

Term

pierce

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Definition

(v) to judge or decide the amount, value, or quality of something Example: We need to ______ the condition of the soils before starting the project.

Term

assess

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Definition

(v) to arrange things into groups based on their characteristics Example: We need to ______ the different types of plants in the garden.

Term

classify

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Definition

(v) to bring together different parts into one Example: They plan to ______ their efforts for the project.

Term

unify

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Definition

(n) descriptive language that creates pictures in the mind Example: The poem uses vivid ______ to describe the sunset.

Term

imagery

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Definition

(adj) easy to reach or use Example: The information must be ______ to everyone.

Term

accessible

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Definition

(adj) able to continue without causing damage to the environment Example: They want to create ______ products for the future.

Term

sustainable

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Definition

(adv) the other way around

Term

vice versa

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Definition

(n) the process of becoming worse or lower in quality Example: The ______ of the environment is a serious issue.

Term

degradation

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Definition

(n) the state of being not biased or having no strong opinions about something Example: The judge showed ______ during the case.

Term

neutrality

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Definition

(v) to stir up or excite feelings in someone

Term

agitate

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Definition

(adj) at risk of becoming extinct or no longer existing Example: The pandas are an ______ species.

Term

endangered

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Definition

(n) a standard for measuring quality or performance Example: The company used sales numbers as a ______ for success.

Term

benchmark

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Definition

(n) a type of chemical used as fertilizer to help plants grow Example: Farmers often use ______ to improve their crops.

Term

ammonium nitrate

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Definition

(n) a gas that can harm the environment and is produced by fertilizers Example: The farm released too much ______ into the air.

Term

nitrous oxide

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Definition

(adj) having a sour taste or a high level of acid Example: Lemons are very ______ and can make your lips pucker.

Term

acidic

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Definition

(n) a community of living things and their environment Example: The forest is a diverse ______ with many animals and plants.

Term

ecosystem

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Definition

(n) medicine used to kill bacteria or prevent their growth Example: Doctors often prescribe ______ to treat infections.

Term

antibiotics

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Definition

(v) the process of making something worse or less valuable Example: Excessive use of chemicals is ______ the quality of our soil.

Term

degrading

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Definition

(adj) causing trouble or difficulty Example: The new schedule is ______ for many people.

Term

inconvenient

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Definition

(v) to make something in large amounts, usually in a factory Example: They ______ toys at a big factory.

Term

manufacture

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Definition

(v) to make something dirty or harmful Example: The factory is ______ the river with chemicals.

Term

polluting

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Definition

(v) to use something too much Example: Farmers need to avoid the ______ of chemical fertilizers.

Term

overuse

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