Master the Cambridge IELTS 15 Academic Reading Test 2 Passage 1 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
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Cambridge IELTS 15 Academic Reading Test 2 Passage 1
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sustainable
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(adj) /səˈsteɪnəbl/
able to be maintained or continued without harming the environment
Example: The company wants to use sustainable materials for their products.
consumption
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(n) /kənˈsʌmpʃən/
the act of using, eating, or drinking something
Example: The consumption of water is important for health.
mobility
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(n) /moʊˈbɪlɪti/
the ability to move easily from one place to another
Example: Good mobility helps people get around the city.
environmental
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(adj) /ɪnˌvaɪ.rənˈmɛn.təl/
related to the natural world and the impact of human activity
Example: We need to protect our environmental resources.
radical
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(adj) /ˈræd.ɪ.kəl/
very different from the usual or traditional
Example: The group proposed radical changes to the plan.
choreographer
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(n) /ˌkɔːr.iˈɒɡ.rə.fər/
a person who creates and arranges dance movements
Example: The choreographer made a beautiful dance for the show.
stimulate
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(v) /ˈstɪm.jəˌleɪt/
to encourage something to happen or grow
Example: The teacher tried to stimulate interest in science.
urbanist
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(n) /ˈɜːrbənɪst/
a person who studies or advocates for urban design and development
Example: An urbanist is trying to make the city more green and walkable.
sociologist
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(n) /ˌsoʊ.siˈɑː.lə.dʒɪst/
a person who studies how society works
Example: The sociologist studies people's behavior in different cultures.
improvise
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(v) /ˈɪm.prə.vaɪz/
to create or perform something without preparation
Example: She had to improvise when she forgot her notes.
intimate
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(adj) /ˈɪn.tɪ.mət/
closely acquainted; familiar
Example: She has an intimate understanding of the topic.
conceptualize
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(v) /kənˈsɛp.tʃu.ə.laɪz/
to form a new idea or concept
Example: She can conceptualize different ways to solve the problem.
detach
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(v) /dɪˈtætʃ/
to separate something from something else
Example: Please detach the sticker from the paper.
drawback
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(n) /ˈdrɔːˌbæk/
a disadvantage or problem that makes something less acceptable
Example: The drawback of the new system is that it costs a lot of money.
prevalent
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(adj) /ˈprɛvələnt/
existing widely or commonly
Example: The prevalent opinion was that more parks were needed in the city.
pedestrian
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(n) /pəˈdɛstriən/
a person who is walking, not traveling in a vehicle
Example: The pedestrian crossed the street carefully.
awning
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(n) /ˈɔː.nɪŋ/
a covering attached to the outside of a building, especially over a door or window, to provide shade or shelter
Example: The awning protects people sitting outside from the rain.
unwelcoming
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(adj) /ʌnˈwɛlkəmɪŋ/
not friendly or inviting
Example: The car park felt very unwelcoming to visitors.
predictable
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(adj) /prɪˈdɪk.tə.bəl/
able to be foreseen or predicted
Example: The weather this week is predictable and will be sunny every day.
controllable
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(adj) /kənˈtroʊləbl/
able to be controlled or managed
Example: The robot is controllable from a distance.
unexpected
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(adj) /ˌʌnɪkˈspɛktɪd/
not expected or surprising
Example: The unexpected rain made the picnic wet.
translate
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(v) /trænˈsleɪt/
to change words from one language into another
Example: I need to translate the book into Spanish.
counter-intuitive
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(adj) /ˈkaʊn.tər.ɪnˌtjuː.ɪ.tɪv/
not what you would expect; surprising
Example: The solution to the problem was counter-intuitive at first.
prioritize
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(v) /praɪˈɔːrəˌtaɪz/
to decide which things are most important and deal with them first
Example: It is important to prioritize your tasks each day.
carriageway
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(n) /ˈkærɪdʒweɪ/
a road for vehicles to drive on
Example: The carriageway was busy during the rush hour.
stagger
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(v) /ˈstæɡər/
to walk or move in a way that does not seem controlled
Example: He had to stagger to keep from falling.
psychological
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(adj) /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/
relating to the mind or mental processes
Example: The psychological effects of the environment can influence our behavior.
barrier
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(n) /ˈbæriər/
something that blocks or impedes movement or progress
Example: The fence acted as a barrier to keep the dogs inside.
disrupt
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(v) /dɪsˈrʌpt/
to interrupt or change something unexpectedly
Example: The rain can disrupt our outdoor plans.
fundamental
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(adj) /ˌfʌn.dəˈmen.təl/
forming the base or starting point; very important
Example: Understanding math is fundamental for learning science.
tackle
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(v) /ˈtækəl/
to try to deal with or solve a problem
Example: We need to tackle the issue of traffic congestion.
aesthetic
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(adj) /iːsˈθɛtɪk/
relating to beauty or appearance
Example: The painting has a very aesthetic design.
implication
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(n) /ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃən/
a possible future effect or result
Example: The implication of the new law is that many people will change their behavior.
simulate
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(v) /ˈsɪm.jə.leɪt/
to imitate or reproduce the conditions of something
Example: They use models to simulate how people move in the city.
outcome
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(n) /ˈaʊt.kʌm/
the result or effect of an action or situation
Example: The outcome was better than everyone expected.
abstract
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(adj) /ˈæbstrækt/
not having a physical existence; something that is not concrete
Example: She prefers abstract ideas over simple facts.
expertise
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(n) /ˌɛkspərˈtiːz/
a high level of skill or knowledge in a particular area
Example: She has a lot of expertise in designing buildings.
improvise
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(v) /ˈɪmprəvaɪz/
to create or perform something without preparation
Example: Sometimes, she has to improvise new ideas during meetings.
feedback
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(n) /ˈfiːdˌbæk/
information or advice about how one is doing in an effort to improve
Example: I received feedback on my project from my teacher.
experimentation
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(n) /ɪkˌspɛrɪmenˈteɪʃən/
the act of trying new ideas to see what happens
Example: Her experimentation with new recipes led to delicious meals.
functional
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(adj) /ˈfʌŋkʃənl/
designed to be practical and useful
Example: The new chairs in the office are both stylish and functional.
blueprint
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(n) /ˈbluːprɪnt/
a plan or drawing that shows how something is made
Example: The architect showed the blueprint for the new building.
medieval
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(adj) /ˌmɛdɪˈivəl/
related to the Middle Ages
Example: The castle was built in a medieval style.
adapt
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(v) /əˈdæpt/
to change something to make it suitable for a new use or situation
Example: Animals can adapt to different environments.
intimate
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(adj) /ˈɪntɪmət/
close, personal, and private
Example: They shared an intimate conversation about their dreams.
prevalent
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(adj) /ˈprɛvələnt/
widespread or commonly occurring
Example: The practice was prevalent among the students.
investment
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(n) /ɪnˈvɛstmənt/
the act of putting money, time, or effort into something to make a profit or get an advantage
Example: Her investment in the new project paid off.
efficient
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(adj) /ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/
doing something in a way that saves time and energy
Example: She is very efficient at managing her time.
quantitative
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(adj) /ˈkwɒntɪtətɪv/
related to measuring or quantifying something
Example: The researchers collected quantitative data to analyze the results.
innovative
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(adj) /ˈɪnəˌveɪtɪv/
using new ideas or methods
Example: The company is known for its innovative products.
cognitive
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(adj) /ˈkɒɡ.nɪ.tɪv/
related to thinking or the mental process of understanding
Example: She studied cognitive science to learn how the mind works.