Master the Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic Reading Test 2 Passage 3 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
(Related: https://engnovate.com/ielts-reading-tests/cambridge-ielts-18-academic-reading-test-2/)
Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic Reading Test 2 Passage 3
Back To Set1 / 57
genius
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈdʒiː.ni.əs/
a person with exceptional intellectual or creative abilities
Example: A genius can solve complex problems easily.
embody
Click to show definition
(v) /ɪmˈbɒdi/
to represent an idea or quality in a tangible way
Example: The statue embodies the spirit of freedom.
Renaissance
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈrɛnəˌsɑns/
a period of great cultural and artistic revival in Europe, particularly in the 15th and 16th centuries
Example: The Renaissance changed art forever.
humanist
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈhjuː.mə.nɪst/
a person who emphasizes human values and concerns
Example: The teacher is a humanist who cares about each student's well-being.
sensibility
Click to show definition
(n) /ˌsɛn.sɪˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/
the ability to appreciate or feel things deeply
Example: Her sensibility makes her a great artist.
insignificance
Click to show definition
(n) /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/
the quality of being unimportant
Example: The movie was a big success, making the previous small film's insignificance clear.
modernity
Click to show definition
(n) /məˈdɜr.nə.ti/
the time or style that is modern; the quality of being modern
Example: Many people appreciate the beauty of modernity in architecture.
plague
Click to show definition
(n) /pleɪɡ/
a serious disease that spreads quickly and can cause death
Example: The plague was a very scary disease in the past.
crisis
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈkraɪsɪs/
a time of great difficulty or danger
Example: The company faced a financial crisis last year.
cusp
Click to show definition
(n) /kʌsp/
a point where something begins or changes
Example: The team is on the cusp of a big win.
displacement
Click to show definition
(n) /dɪsˈpleɪsmənt/
the act of moving something from its usual place
Example: There was a lot of displacement after the flood.
extinction
Click to show definition
(n) /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/
the state of no longer existing
Example: Many animals face the risk of extinction.
radical
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˈræd.ɪ.kəl/
extreme or basic; thorough and complete
Example: The scientist proposed a radical change to the experiment.
revolutionize
Click to show definition
(v) /ˌrɛvəˈluːʃəˌnaɪz/
to completely change the way something is done, thought about, or made
Example: New technology can revolutionize how we communicate.
safeguard
Click to show definition
(v) /ˈseɪfˌɡɑrd/
to protect something from harm or danger
Example: We must safeguard our environment for future generations.
catastrophe
Click to show definition
(n) /kəˈtæs.trə.fi/
a sudden disaster or big failure
Example: The earthquake was a great catastrophe for the city.
pestilence
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈpɛstɪləns/
a serious disease that spreads quickly and causes many deaths
Example: The village suffered a pestilence that lasted for many months.
urbanism
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈɜr.bən.ɪ.zəm/
the study of how cities are planned and built
Example: Urbanism helps us understand how to make cities better places to live.
sustainable
Click to show definition
(adj) /səˈsteɪnəbl/
able to be maintained or continued without harming the environment
Example: We need to find sustainable ways to use resources.
prominent
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˈprɒmɪnənt/
important and well-known
Example: She became a prominent artist in the community.
reconfiguration
Click to show definition
(n) /ˌriːˌkɒnfɪˈɡjʊəreɪʃən/
the act of changing the way something is arranged or organized
Example: The reconfiguration of the town made it easier to navigate.
expansion
Click to show definition
(n) /ɪkˈspænʃən/
the process of increasing in size, amount, or importance
Example: The expansion of the city attracted many new businesses.
medieval
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˌmɛdɪˈivəl/
relating to the Middle Ages, a time in European history from about the 5th to the 15th century
Example: The museum has many medieval artifacts on display.
winding
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/
curving or changing direction gradually
Example: The road has many winding turns.
overcrowded
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˌoʊvərˈkraʊdɪd/
having too many people in a space
Example: The subway can be very overcrowded during rush hour.
coordinated
Click to show definition
(adj) /koʊˈɔrdɪˌneɪtɪd/
worked together in a planned way
Example: The team had a coordinated approach to the project.
disordered
Click to show definition
(adj) /dɪsˈɔrdərd/
not arranged in an orderly way
Example: His notes were disordered and hard to read.
assemble
Click to show definition
(v) /əˈsɛmbəl/
to bring things together into a group or to make something
Example: We assemble the furniture in the living room.
innovative
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˈɪnəˌveɪtɪv/
introducing new ideas or methods
Example: The company created an innovative product that changed the market.
reconstruct
Click to show definition
(v) /ˌriː.kənˈstrʌkt/
to build something again or differently
Example: They want to reconstruct the old building to make it better.
foundation
Click to show definition
(n) /faʊnˈdeɪʃən/
the base or support for something
Example: They built a strong foundation for the house.
battlement
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈbætəlmənt/
a protective wall with openings for shooting, often found on castles
Example: The castle had high battlements to defend against attackers.
conventional
Click to show definition
(adj) /kənˈvɛnʃənl/
following accepted customs or traditional practices
Example: His style of painting is very conventional.
implement
Click to show definition
(v) /ˈɪmplɪˌmɛnt/
to put something into effect or action
Example: The school will implement a new reading program.
undisturbed
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˌʌndɪˈstɜrbd/
not disturbed or interrupted
Example: The children played undisturbed in the garden.
elegant
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˈɛl.ɪ.ɡənt/
graceful and stylish in appearance or manner
Example: The dress she wore to the party was elegant.
fusion
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈfjuːʒən/
the process of combining two or more things into one
Example: The dish was a fusion of many different flavors.
hydraulic
Click to show definition
(adj) /haɪˈdrɔːlɪk/
relating to liquids in motion or the use of liquids to create power
Example: The engineer designed a hydraulic system for the park.
extensive
Click to show definition
(adj) /ɪkˈstɛnsɪv/
covering a large area or having a wide range
Example: The extensive garden had many different kinds of flowers.
artificial
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˌɑːr.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/
made or produced to imitate something natural
Example: The artificial flowers looked real.
navigate
Click to show definition
(v) /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/
to find a way to get from one place to another
Example: I can navigate through the city map easily.
adjacent
Click to show definition
(adj) /əˈdʒeɪ.sənt/
next to or nearby
Example: The adjacent houses share a wall.
contemporary
Click to show definition
(adj) /kənˈtɛmpəˌrɛri/
existing or happening now
Example: Many new buildings are being designed in a contemporary style.
earthquake
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈɜrθkweɪk/
a sudden shaking of the ground caused by movement in the Earth's crust
Example: The earthquake made the buildings shake.
subdivision
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈsʌb.dɪ.vɪʒ.ən/
a part or section of a larger area, especially a smaller area within a city or town
Example: The new subdivision has many beautiful houses.
infrastructure
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃər/
the basic physical systems and structures needed for a city or country
Example: The city needs better infrastructure to support its growth.
boulevard
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈbuːləvɑrd/
a wide city street, often with trees and shops
Example: The boulevard is lined with cafes and trees.
renovation
Click to show definition
(n) /ˌrɛnəˈveɪʃən/
the process of improving a building or area
Example: The renovation of the old house took several months.
integrate
Click to show definition
(v) /ˈɪntɪˌɡreɪt/
to combine different things into a whole
Example: We need to integrate new ideas into our project.
efficient
Click to show definition
(adj) /ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/
doing something in a way that saves time and energy
Example: The new system is very efficient and saves us a lot of resources.
aligned
Click to show definition
(adj) /əˈlaɪnd/
to be in a straight line or in agreement
Example: The picture is aligned with the wall.
compact
Click to show definition
(adj) /kəmˈpækt/
small and using space efficiently
Example: The compact city has everything close together.
vertical
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˈvɜrtɪkəl/
straight up and down; not slanted
Example: The pole stood vertical in the ground.
rigour
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈrɪɡər/
strictness and attention to detail
Example: The teacher was known for her rigour in grading papers.
conception
Click to show definition
(n) /kənˈsɛpʃən/
the way an idea is formed in the mind
Example: The conception of a new project took a lot of planning.
academic
Click to show definition
(adj) /ˌæk.əˈdɛm.ɪk/
related to education, especially at a college or university
Example: She is pursuing an academic career in mathematics.
discipline
Click to show definition
(n) /ˈdɪsəplɪn/
a branch of knowledge or study
Example: She chose biology as her major discipline in college.