Master the Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic Reading Test 3 Passage 2 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
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Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic Reading Test 3 Passage 2
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primitive
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(adj) /ˈprɪmɪtɪv/
simple and not advanced
Example: The primitive tools were made from rocks and sticks.
evolve
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(v) /ɪˈvɑlv/
to change or develop gradually over time
Example: Many species of animals evolve to adapt to their environment.
miniaturize
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(v) /ˈmɪniətʃəraɪz/
to make something smaller in size
Example: The artist will miniaturize the sculpture for the exhibition.
inherit
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(v) /ɪnˈhɛrɪt/
to receive something from someone after they have died
Example: She will inherit her grandmother's jewelry.
boiler
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(n) /ˈbɔɪlər/
a closed container in which water is heated to produce steam
Example: The boiler heats the water for the entire building.
replenishment
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(n) /rɪˈplɛnɪʃmənt/
the act of filling something again
Example: The gardener took care of the replenishment of the water in the plants.
shortcoming
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(n) /ˈʃɔrtˌkʌmɪŋ/
a fault or disadvantage in something
Example: Every invention has a shortcoming that needs to be fixed.
self-propelled
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(adj) /ˌsɛlfprəˈpɛld/
able to move without being pushed or pulled by something else
Example: The self-propelled vehicle moved on its own.
carriage
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(n) /ˈkɛrɪdʒ/
a vehicle with wheels that is pulled by horses
Example: The carriage took them for a ride through the park.
shuttle
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(v) /ˈʃʌtəl/
to move back and forth between two places
Example: The bus shuttles between the airport and the city.
glory
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(n) /ˈɡlɔːri/
great honor, fame, or admiration
Example: The athlete received glory after winning the championship.
combustion
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(n) /kəmˈbʌs.tʃən/
the process of burning something to produce heat or energy
Example: Combustion is necessary for the car to run.
backfire
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(v) /ˈbækˌfaɪər/
to have the opposite of the desired effect or to cause a problem
Example: The plan to save money backfired and cost more than expected.
phase out
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(v) /feɪz aʊt/
to gradually stop using something
Example: The school will phase out old textbooks next year.
rekindle
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(v) /riːˈkɪndl/
to bring something back to life or make it work again
Example: They want to rekindle interest in old cars.
prototype
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(n) /ˈproʊtəˌtaɪp/
an early model of something that can be changed and improved
Example: The team created a prototype before making the final product.
configure
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(v) /kənˈfɪɡjʊr/
to set up or arrange something in a particular way
Example: You need to configure the settings on your computer.
convenient
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(adj) /kənˈviːniənt/
easy to use or get; suitable for one's needs
Example: The store is convenient for buying groceries.
clattering
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(n) /ˈklætərɪŋ/
a loud noise made by things hitting each other
Example: The clattering of dishes could be heard in the kitchen.
emit
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(v) /ɪˈmɪt/
to send out or give off energy, light, or a substance
Example: The lamp emits a bright light.
aroma
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(n) /əˈroʊ.mə/
a pleasant smell, especially from food or drink
Example: The aroma from the kitchen made everyone hungry.
hydrocarbon
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(n) /haɪˈdrɒkɑːrbən/
a compound made only of hydrogen and carbon
Example: Gasoline is a common hydrocarbon.
swift
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(adj) /swɪft/
moving or capable of moving quickly
Example: The bird flies swift through the sky.
accelerate
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(v) /əkˈsɛləˌreɪt/
to increase in speed
Example: The car can accelerate very fast.
feat
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(n) /fit/
an impressive achievement
Example: The athlete completed an amazing feat at the competition.
remarkable
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(adj) /rɪˈmɑrkəbl/
worthy of attention; extraordinary
Example: The performance of the car was remarkable.
innovation
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(n) /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/
a new idea, method, or product
Example: The company introduced an innovation that made cars safer.
enhance
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(v) /ɪnˈhæns/
to improve the quality or value of something
Example: They want to enhance the car's performance.
deposit
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(n) /dɪˈpɒzɪt/
an amount of money placed in a bank account
Example: He made a deposit to save for a new bike.
sluggish
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(adj) /ˈslʌɡɪʃ/
moving or operating slowly
Example: On hot days, I feel sluggish and want to rest.
erratic
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(adj) /ɪˈrætɪk/
not regular or consistent; unpredictable
Example: The weather can be erratic in spring.
glitch
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(n) /ɡlɪtʃ/
a small problem or fault in a system or machine
Example: The video game had a glitch that caused it to freeze.
viable
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(adj) /ˈvaɪəbl/
able to work successfully or be used
Example: The team tried to find a viable solution to the problem.
negligible
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(adj) /ˈnɛɡlɪdʒəbl/
something so small or unimportant that it can be ignored
Example: The emissions from the car were negligible compared to the pollution from factories.
emission
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(n) /ɪˈmɪʃən/
the act of sending out gas, heat, light, etc.
Example: The car had very low emissions.
tinker
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(v) /ˈtɪŋkər/
to repair or improve something in a casual or experimental way
Example: He likes to tinker with old cars in his garage.
fold
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(v) /foʊld/
to close something by bending it over on itself
Example: I will fold the paper neatly.
adamant
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(adj) /ˈæd.ə.mənt/
refusing to change your mind or decision
Example: He was adamant about finishing his project on time.
superior
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(adj) /səˈpɪr.i.ɚ/
better in quality or skill than others
Example: The new model of the car is superior to the old one.
astonishing
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(adj) /əˈstɑnɪʃɪŋ/
surprising or impressive
Example: The magician performed an astonishing trick.
unmodified
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(adj) /ʌnˈmɒdɪfaɪd/
not changed or altered
Example: An unmodified car can still perform very well.
strict
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(adj) /strɪkt/
demanding that rules are followed exactly
Example: The school has strict rules about homework.
unthinkable
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(adj) /ʌnˈθɪŋ.kə.bəl/
impossible to imagine or believe
Example: It seemed unthinkable that they would win the game.
eliminate
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(v) /ɪˈlɪmɪˌneɪt/
to remove or get rid of something
Example: We need to eliminate waste to help the environment.
ignite
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(v) /ɪɡˈnaɪt/
to cause something to start burning or explode
Example: Make sure to ignite the fire in the fireplace.
powerplant
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(n) /ˈpaʊərˌplænt/
a place where power is produced, usually electricity
Example: The powerplant generates energy for the entire city.
evenly
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(adv) /ˈiːvənli/
in a way that is equal in amount or degree
Example: The weight of the car is distributed evenly.
distribute
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(v) /dɪˈstrɪbjuːt/
to give out to others or spread over an area
Example: The teacher will distribute the books to the students.
handling
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(n) /ˈhændlɪŋ/
the way in which something is managed or dealt with
Example: The car has good handling on the road.
kerosene
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(n) /ˈkerəˌsiːn/
a type of oil used as fuel
Example: The lamp was filled with kerosene for the night.
maintenance
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(n) /ˈmeɪntənəns/
the process of keeping something in good condition
Example: The car needs regular maintenance to stay safe.
automotive
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(adj) /ˌɔːtəˈmoʊtɪv/
related to cars and vehicles
Example: The automotive industry is growing every year.
performance
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(n) /pɚˈfɔːr.məns/
how well someone or something does a task
Example: The athlete's performance was impressive.
pressure
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(n) /ˈprɛʃər/
the force that is produced when something presses on an area
Example: The pressure in the tire is too low.
arise
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(v) /əˈraɪz/
to come up or happen
Example: The sun will arise in the morning.