Master the Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Listening Test 4 Part 4 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
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Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Listening Test 4 Part 4
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dominate
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(v) /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/
to have control over something or someone
Example: The larger animal tends to dominate the smaller ones.
agenda
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(n) /əˈdʒɛndə/
a list of things to be done or discussed
Example: The meeting had an agenda to cover important issues.
offset
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(v) /ˈɔfˌsɛt/
to balance or counteract something
Example: Companies try to offset their pollution by planting trees.
emission
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(n) /ɪˈmɪʃən/
the act of releasing or sending out something, especially gas or energy
Example: The factory's emission pollutes the air.
straightforward
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(adj) /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːrwərd/
simple and easy to understand
Example: The instructions were straightforward and easy to follow.
considerably
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(adv) /kənˈsɪdərəbli/
to a great extent or degree
Example: The weather improved considerably over the weekend.
reforestation
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(n) /ˌriːfɔːrəˈsteɪʃən/
the process of planting trees in an area where there were once trees
Example: Reforestation can help restore the environment.
undertake
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(v) /ˌʌndərˈteɪk/
to start or take on a task or project
Example: They undertake a big project together.
ecosystem
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(n) /ˈiːkoʊˌsɪstəm/
a community of living things and their environment
Example: The ecosystem is full of different plants and animals.
endangered
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(adj) /ɪnˈdeɪndʒərd/
in danger of becoming extinct
Example: Many animals are endangered due to habitat loss.
invasive
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(adj) /ɪnˈveɪsɪv/
spreading in a way that harms other plants or animals
Example: Invasive plants can take over a garden quickly.
contributor
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(n) /kənˈtrɪb.ju.tɚ/
a person or thing that helps to cause something
Example: He is a contributor to the team project.
biodiversity
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(n) /ˌbaɪ.oʊ.dɪˈvɜr.sɪ.ti/
the variety of different species of plants and animals in a particular area
Example: Biodiversity helps keep ecosystems healthy.
competition
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(n) /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/
the activity or condition of competing against others
Example: The competition was difficult, but he enjoyed it.
maximize
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(v) /ˈmæksɪmaɪz/
to make something as large or great as possible
Example: We want to maximize our profits this year.
capture
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(v) /ˈkæptʃər/
to take control of something, especially in a way that is strong or forceful
Example: They want to capture the moment with a photograph.
ideally
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(adv) /aɪˈdiːəli/
in a perfect situation; ideally
Example: I would ideally like to visit my friends this weekend.
contribute
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(v) /kənˈtrɪb.juːt/
to give something, such as money or time, to help achieve something
Example: Many people contribute to charities each year.
conservation
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(n) /ˌkɑːn.sɚˈveɪ.ʃən/
the protection of plants, animals, and natural resources
Example: Many organizations work to promote wildlife conservation.
stability
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(n) /stəˈbɪləti/
the state of being stable or not changing
Example: The stability of the building is very important.
vulnerable
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(adj) /ˈvʌl.nɚ.ə.bəl/
capable of being easily harmed or affected
Example: The small animals are vulnerable in the harsh winter.
resilience
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(n) /rɪˈzɪl.jəns/
the ability to recover quickly from difficulties
Example: The resilience of the forest helped it to survive the storm.
vital
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(adj) /ˈvaɪtəl/
very important and necessary
Example: Water is vital for all living things.
genetic
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(adj) /dʒəˈnɛtɪk/
relating to genes or heredity
Example: The scientist studied genetic traits in plants.
diversity
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(n) /daɪˈvɜr.sɪ.ti/
the state of having many different types of things or people
Example: The park has a lot of diversity in its plant and animal life.
variation
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(n) /ˌveə.riˈeɪ.ʃən/
a change or difference in something
Example: There is a lot of variation in the colors of the flowers.
essential
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(adj) /ɪˈsɛnʃəl/
absolutely necessary; very important
Example: Water is essential for life.
restore
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(v) /rɪˈstɔːr/
to bring something back to its earlier condition
Example: The city plans to restore the old park next year.
adapt
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(v) /əˈdæpt/
to change to be able to live in a new situation
Example: Animals must adapt to their environment to survive.
ultimately
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(adv) /ˈʌltəmətli/
in the end; finally
Example: The project ultimately helped the community.
savanna
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(n) /səˈvænə/
a grassy plain in a tropical or subtropical region
Example: They saw many animals in the savanna.
wetland
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(n) /ˈwɛt.lænd/
an area of land that is very wet, like a swamp or marsh
Example: The birds live in the wetland near the river.
advantageous
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(adj) /ˌæd.vænˈteɪ.dʒəs/
providing a good chance of success or a benefit
Example: It is advantageous to study hard for exams.
recreational
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(adj) /ˌrɛkriˈeɪʃənl/
related to activities done for fun
Example: The park has many recreational facilities for families.
exploit
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(v) /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/
to use something in a way that helps you unfairly or unethically
Example: Some companies exploit workers to save money.
intervention
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(n) /ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən/
the act of getting involved in a situation to change it or help
Example: The teacher's intervention helped the students understand the lesson better.
prioritize
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(v) /praɪˈɔːrəˌtaɪz/
to decide which things are most important and deal with them first
Example: It is important to prioritize your studies for the exams.
devastate
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(v) /ˈdɛvəˌsteɪt/
to cause a lot of damage or destruction
Example: The hurricane can devastate entire towns.
degrade
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(v) /dɪˈɡreɪd/
to make something worse or less valuable
Example: The polluted water can degrade the environment.
topsoil
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(n) /ˈtɑːpˌsɔɪl/
the upper layer of soil where plants grow
Example: Topsoil is essential for healthy plant growth.
keystone
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(n) /ˈkiːstoʊn/
a species that is very important for an ecosystem
Example: Figs are a keystone species in the forest.
accelerate
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(v) /əkˈsɛləˌreɪt/
to make something go faster or happen more quickly
Example: The new bus schedule will help accelerate travel times.
disperse
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(v) /dɪsˈpɜːrs/
to spread out or scatter in different directions
Example: The crowd began to disperse after the concert.
regrowth
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(n) /ˈriːɡroʊθ/
the process of growing again after being damaged
Example: The regrowth of plants after a forest fire takes time.
defecation
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(n) /ˌdɛfɪˈkeɪʃən/
the act of getting rid of waste from the body
Example: The doctor explained the process of defecation.
consult
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(v) /kənˈsʌlt/
to ask for advice or information
Example: I need to consult my doctor about my health.
mangrove
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(n) /ˈmæŋˌɡroʊv/
a type of tree that grows in coastal areas and has roots above the ground
Example: The mangrove along the shore protects the coastline.
aquatic
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(adj) /əˈkwɒtɪk/
relating to water; living in or near water
Example: The aquarium has many aquatic plants and animals.
ecosystem
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(n) /ˈiːkoʊˌsɪstəm/
a system of living things and their environment
Example: The ecosystem is full of plants and animals.
defence
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(n) /dɪˈfɛns/
protection from harm or danger
Example: The mangroves act as a defence against flooding.