Master the Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Reading Test 1 Passage 1 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
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Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Reading Test 1 Passage 1
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rank
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(v) /ræŋk/
to give a position or a grade to someone or something
Example: They rank the best players each year.
remarkable
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(adj) /rɪˈmɑrkəbl/
worthy of attention; extraordinary
Example: The player's performance was remarkable during the match.
achieve
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(v) /əˈtʃiv/
to successfully reach a goal or result
Example: He worked hard to achieve his dream of becoming a doctor.
compete
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(v) /kəmˈpiːt/
to try to win a game or race against others
Example: Many players compete in tennis tournaments every year.
transformation
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(n) /ˌtrænsfərˈmeɪʃən/
a complete change in something
Example: The transformation of the tennis rackets has changed how the game is played.
visible
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(adj) /ˈvɪz.ə.bəl/
able to be seen
Example: The changes to the rackets were visible.
publicize
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(v) /ˈpʌblɪsaɪz/
to make something known to many people
Example: The company will publicize its new product next week.
subtle
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(adj) /ˈsʌtəl/
not obvious or easy to notice
Example: The difference in his performance was subtle but important.
unnoticed
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(adj) /ʌnˈnoʊtɪst/
not seen or noticed
Example: The small change in the racket was mostly unnoticed by the players.
consist
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(v) /kənˈsɪst/
to be made of or to have something as a part
Example: The team consists of six players.
vertical
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(adj) /ˈvɜr.tɪ.kəl/
going straight up and down; not at an angle
Example: The vertical lines on the paper help me draw straight.
horizontal
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(adj) /ˌhɔrɪˈzɑːntəl/
parallel to the ground; not vertical
Example: The lines on the court are horizontal.
synthetic
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(adj) /sɪnˈθɛtɪk/
made by combining chemical substances, not natural
Example: The tennis strings are made from synthetic materials.
underestimate
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(v) /ˌʌndərˈɛstɪmeɪt/
to think that something is less important or less serious than it really is
Example: You should not underestimate the value of practice.
modification
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(n) /ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
a change made to something to improve it
Example: The modification to the racket helped him play better.
tweak
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(v) /twiːk/
to make small changes to something to improve it
Example: She decided to tweak her essay before submitting it.
customize
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(v) /ˈkʌstəmaɪz/
to change something to make it suitable for a particular person or purpose
Example: They customize their tennis rackets for better performance.
elite
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(adj) /ɪˈliːt/
the best or most skilled people in a group
Example: The world's elite tennis players compete in the grand tournaments.
specification
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(n) /ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
a detailed description of something
Example: The coach gave a specification of the new racket they will use.
thorough
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(adj) /ˈθɜroʊ/
complete and including everything
Example: The report gave a thorough explanation of the topic.
experiment
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(n) /ɪkˈspɛr.ɪ.mənt/
a test to find out what happens in a situation
Example: The scientists did an experiment to learn more about plants.
dense
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(adj) /dɛns/
close together; thick or compact
Example: The rackets have a denser string pattern.
maximize
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(v) /ˈmæksɪmaɪz/
to make something as large or great as possible
Example: Players want to maximize their chances of winning.
competitive
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(adj) /kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv/
having a desire to win or be better than others
Example: The players are always competitive during the matches.
advantage
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(n) /ədˈvæn.tɪdʒ/
a benefit or something that gives you a better chance
Example: Having a good racket gives you an advantage in tennis.
amateur
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(n) /ˈæmətʃʊr/
someone who is not a professional and does something for enjoyment
Example: My dad plays tennis as an amateur because he enjoys the game.
generate
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(v) /ˈdʒɛn.ə.reɪt/
to produce or create something
Example: The new racket design can generate more power when hitting the ball.
topspin
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(n) /ˈtɑːp.spɪn/
a type of spin on a tennis ball that causes it to rise
Example: He hit the ball with topspin to make it bounce higher.
ban
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(v) /bæn/
to say that something is not allowed
Example: The new rule will ban the use of that kind of racket.
regularity
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(n) /ˌrɛɡəˈlærɪti/
the quality of being regular or usual
Example: Racket modification became a regularity in tennis.
nutrition
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(n) /njuˈtrɪʃ.ən/
the process of taking in food for health and growth
Example: Good nutrition is important for athletes.
category
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(n) /ˈkætəˌɡɔri/
a group of things that are similar
Example: There are two categories of tennis rackets: professional and amateur.
tension
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(n) /ˈtɛnʃən/
a feeling of nervousness or anxiety
Example: There was a lot of tension in the room before the match.
install
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(v) /ɪnˈstɔl/
to put a program or equipment into a computer or system so it can be used
Example: I need to install the software on my laptop.
climatic
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(adj) /klaɪˈmætɪk/
related to the weather or climate
Example: Players change their rackets depending on the climatic conditions.
gut
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(n) /ɡʌt/
the intestines or inner organs of an animal
Example: They used natural gut made from sheep intestines for the tennis rackets.
intestine
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(n) /ɪnˈtɛstəɪn/
the long tube in your body that helps digest food
Example: The doctor explained how food travels through the intestine.
durable
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(adj) /ˈdʊr.ə.bəl/
able to last a long time without getting damaged
Example: The new tennis strings are cheaper and more durable.
nylon
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(n) /ˈnaɪ.lɒn/
a strong, lightweight synthetic material often used for making fabrics and other products
Example: The tennis racket strings are made of nylon.
affordable
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(adj) /əˈfɔːrdəbl/
not too expensive; cheap enough for most people to buy
Example: The new tennis rackets are affordable for many players.
kevlar
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(n) /ˈkɛv.lɑːr/
a strong material used to make products like protective clothing
Example: Kevlar is used to make bulletproof vests.
stiff
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(adj) /stɪf/
not able to bend or move easily
Example: The string in the racket is too stiff for my liking.
co-polyester
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(n) /koʊˈpɑːlɪˌɛstər/
a type of synthetic material made by mixing polyester with other substances
Example: Many tennis players use co-polyester strings for better spin.
additive
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(adj) /ˈædɪtɪv/
something that is added to improve or enhance something else
Example: Some strings have additives that make them last longer.
enhance
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(v) /ɪnˈhæns/
to make something better or improve it
Example: They use special strings to enhance the performance of the tennis rackets.
hybrid
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(n) /ˈhaɪ.brɪd/
something that is made from two different things
Example: Many players use a hybrid set-up for their tennis rackets.
revolutionize
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(v) /ˌrɛvəˈluːʃəˌnaɪz/
to completely change something
Example: The new technology has revolutionized how we play tennis.
attribute
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(v) /əˈtrɪb.juːt/
to say that something is the result of a particular thing
Example: Many people attribute his success to hard work.
lead
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(v) /lɛd/
to guide or direct a group or person
Example: The coach will lead the team to victory.
mould
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(v) /moʊld/
to shape or form something into a particular shape
Example: They will mould the clay into a pot.
grip
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(n) /ɡrɪp/
the way you hold something in your hand
Example: He has a strong grip on the tennis racket.
anticipate
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(v) /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/
to expect something to happen
Example: I anticipate that it will rain tomorrow.
development
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(n) /dɪˈvɛl.əp.mənt/
the process of growth or progress
Example: The development of new tennis rackets helps players play better.
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