Master the Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Reading Test 3 Passage 1 vocabulary with our flashcard exercise.
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Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Reading Test 3 Passage 1
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archaeologist
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(n) /ˌɑr.kiˈɑː.lə.dʒɪst/
a person who studies human history by digging up and examining old objects
Example: An archaeologist found some ancient tools in the cave.
prehistoric
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(adj) /ˌpriːhɪˈstɔːrɪk/
relating to the time before written history
Example: The museum has many prehistoric artifacts.
excavation
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(n) /ˌɛk.skeɪˈveɪ.ʃən/
the act of digging in the ground to look for things from the past
Example: The excavation helped discover ancient tools.
disperse
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(v) /dɪsˈpɜrs/
to spread out or scatter in different directions
Example: The crowd began to disperse after the concert ended.
archipelago
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(n) /ˌɑːrkɪˈpɛləɡoʊ/
a group of islands
Example: Indonesia has many beautiful islands, forming an archipelago.
migrate
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(v) /ˈmaɪˌɡreɪt/
to move from one place to another, often for a long period of time
Example: Birds migrate to warmer places in the winter.
millennium
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(n) /mɪˈlɛn.i.əm/
a period of 1,000 years
Example: The new millennium started in the year 2000.
occupation
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(n) /ˌɒkjʊˈpeɪʃən/
a job or profession
Example: His occupation is a teacher.
artifact
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(n) /ˈɑːrtɪfækt/
an object made by a human being, usually of historical or cultural interest
Example: They found an artifact from ancient times in the ground.
fragment
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(n) /ˈfræɡmənt/
a small part or piece of something
Example: She found a fragment of ancient pottery in the ground.
canoe
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(n) /kəˈnu/
a small, narrow boat that you move with a paddle
Example: We went out to the lake in a canoe.
impenetrable
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(adj) /ɪmˈpɛn.ɪ.trə.bəl/
impossible to enter or pass through
Example: The dense rainforest was impenetrable to most animals.
encompass
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(v) /ɪnˈkʌmpəs/
to include different things within a whole
Example: The group will encompass various topics in the discussion.
coincidence
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(n) /koʊˈɪn.sɪ.dəns/
an occurrence of two or more events happening at the same time by chance
Example: It was a coincidence that we met at the same restaurant.
craft
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(v) /kræft/
to make something skillfully by hand
Example: She loves to craft beautiful decorations.
modification
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(n) /ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
a change made to something
Example: The modification of the forest helped the hunters find food.
unearth
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(v) /ʌnˈɜrθ/
to dig up or discover something that was buried
Example: The team unearthed ancient tools during their excavation.
cuscus
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(n) /ˈkʌskəs/
a type of possum found in Australia and New Guinea
Example: The researchers studied the Rothschild's cuscus to understand ancient hunting practices.
obsidian
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(n) /əbˈsɪdiən/
a type of dark volcanic glass
Example: The museum had a beautiful piece of obsidian on display.
bead
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(n) /biːd/
a small, rounded object, often made of glass or stone, used for decoration or in jewelry
Example: She wore a necklace made of colorful beads.
routine
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(n) /ruːˈtiːn/
a regular way of doing something
Example: She follows her routine every morning.
abandon
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(v) /əˈbændən/
to leave something behind
Example: They had to abandon their home during the storm.
undergrowth
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(n) /ˈʌndərˌɡroʊθ/
the plants that grow under the trees in a forest
Example: The animals hid in the thick undergrowth.
pottery
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(n) /ˈpɒt.ɚ.i/
the art of making objects out of clay
Example: She painted beautiful designs on her pottery.
spice
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(n) /spaɪs/
a substance made from a plant that is used to give a special flavor to food
Example: She added spice to the soup to make it tastier.
adept
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(adj) /əˈdɛpt/
very skilled or proficient at something
Example: She is adept at solving difficult math problems.
forage
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(v) /ˈfɔrɪdʒ/
to search for and gather food
Example: Animals forage for food in the forest.
voyage
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(n) /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/
a long journey on a ship or boat
Example: The sailors went on a voyage across the ocean.
dispersal
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(n) /dɪˈspɜrsl/
the act of spreading or scattering
Example: The dispersal of seeds helps plants grow in new areas.
crucial
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(adj) /ˈkruː.ʃəl/
very important or necessary
Example: The research was crucial for understanding the island's history.
ancient
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(adj) /ˈeɪnʃənt/
very old; from a long time ago
Example: The ancient ruins are a popular tourist attraction.
shelter
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(n) /ˈʃɛltər/
a place that gives protection or safety
Example: The dog found shelter under the tree.
suitable
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(adj) /ˈsuːt.ə.bəl/
appropriate or right for a particular purpose or situation
Example: The room is suitable for a meeting.
numerous
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(adj) /ˈnjuːmərəs/
many; a lot of
Example: There were numerous animals in the forest.
axe
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(n) /æks/
a tool used for chopping or cutting wood
Example: He used an axe to cut the tree.
fragment
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(n) /ˈfræɡ.mənt/
a small part or piece of something
Example: She found a fragment of glass on the beach.
layer
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(n) /ˈleɪər/
a sheet or thickness of material
Example: There is a layer of paint on the wall.
record
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(n) /ˈrɛkɔrd/
a written document that keeps information
Example: The team found the earliest record of human occupation.
impenetrable
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(adj) /ɪmˈpɛn.ɪ.tə.bəl/
impossible to pass through or enter
Example: The jungle was so impenetrable that we couldn't see inside.
separate
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(v) /ˈsɛpəreɪt/
to move or divide something into parts
Example: You should separate the colors when doing laundry.
significant
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(adj) /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/
important or meaningful
Example: The discovery of the ancient tools is significant for understanding history.
creature
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(n) /ˈkriː.tʃər/
a living thing, especially an animal
Example: The creature looked very strange in the dark.
volcanic
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(adj) /vɒlˈkænɪk/
related to or produced by a volcano
Example: The island has many volcanic rocks.
substance
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(n) /ˈsʌbstəns/
a particular type of material
Example: Water is a clear substance essential for life.
reveal
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(v) /rɪˈviːl/
to make something known that was not known before
Example: She will reveal her secret at the party.
particular
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(adj) /pərˈtɪkjələr/
specific or certain
Example: She has a particular interest in ancient history.
successfully
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(adv) /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/
in a way that achieves a desired result
Example: They completed the project successfully.
resident
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(n) /ˈrɛzɪdənt/
a person who lives in a particular place
Example: The resident of the island helped the researchers.
completely
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(adv) /kəmˈpliːtli/
totally or fully
Example: She was completely happy with her gift.
survival
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(n) /sərˈvaɪvəl/
the state of continuing to live or exist
Example: They learned new skills for survival in the wilderness.
departure
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(n) /dɪˈpɑrtʃər/
the act of leaving a place
Example: The departure of the train was delayed.
evidence
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(n) /ˈɛvɪdəns/
something that makes you believe that something is true
Example: The archaeologists found evidence in the caves.
re-occupy
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(v) /riːˈɑːkjˌpaɪ/
to live in a place again after it has been empty
Example: People will re-occupy the abandoned houses.
phase
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(n) /feɪz/
a stage in a process of change or development
Example: The final phase of the project was successful.
historic
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(adj) /hɪˈstɔrɪk/
important or famous in history
Example: The museum has many historic artifacts from ancient cultures.
tropical
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(adj) /ˈtrɑː.pɪ.kəl/
relating to the regions of the world that are near the equator, characterized by warm weather and lush vegetation
Example: The tropical plants grew very tall and wide.
colleague
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(n) /ˈkɑː.liɡ/
a person you work with
Example: My colleague helped me with the project.
dense
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(adj) /dɛns/
having a lot of things close together; thick
Example: The forest was so dense that we could hardly see through it.
rainforest
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(n) /ˈreɪnˌfɔrɪst/
a dense forest with a lot of rain
Example: The rainforest is home to many animals and plants.
prehistoric
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(adj) /ˌpriːhɪˈstɔrɪk/
relating to the time before written history
Example: The prehistoric tools were found in the cave.
mainland
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(n) /ˈmeɪnˌlænd/
a large area of land, especially a continent or the main part of a country
Example: They traveled from the mainland to the island.
Done as a part of consistency
artifact / artefact