Part 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. Write at least 150 words.
Part 2
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write at least 250 words.
The charts below show the changes in ownership of electrical appliances and amount of time spent doing housework and households in one country between 1920 and 2019.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
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In some countries, more and more people are becoming interested in finding out about the history of the house or building they live in.
What are the reasons for this?
How can people research this?
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The line graph shows the ownership of electrical appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines, and vacuum cleaners, and the amount of time spent doing housework in a country from 1920 to 2019.
Notably, the ownership of vacuum cleaners and refrigerators has increased significantly over the period. The ownership rate of refrigerators soared from 0% to 100%, and that of vacuum cleaners rose steadily from 30% to 100%. In contrast, the ownership of washing machines had more complex fluctuations. It increased gradually from 1920-1960, dropped in 1980, and then increased again.
Meanwhile, the time spent on housework decreased significantly. It fell from 50 hours per week in 1920 to around 20 hours by 1960 and further to 10 hours per week by 2019.
From 1960 to 1980, the ownership of washing machines decreased while that of vacuum cleaners increased dramatically.
Overall, the data shows that the ownership of refrigerators and vacuum cleaners increased steadily over the period, while the ownership of washing machines had notable fluctuations. Additionally, the overall time spent on housework decreased significantly over the same period.
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The given line charts illustrate the changing number of hours of housework per week and the percentages of households owning three electrical appliances, such as a washing machine, a refrigerator, and a vacuum cleaner, in one country between 1920 and 2019.
Overall, the hours spent on housework are decreasing, while the percentage of households owning electrical devices is increasing. In addition, all three devices reached their peak at the end of the chart, while the time spent on housekeeping was at its peak at the beginning of the illustration.
In terms of the percentage of households with electrical appliances, at the beginning of the graph, a washing machine was being used by 40% of houses, while only 30% and 0% used a refrigerator and a vacuum cleaner, respectively. Further, in 1960, the usage of refrigerators gradually soared to 90%, while the other appliances showed 70% usage by families. In 1980, all individuals had a refrigerator, and 90% owned a vacuum cleaner. After that, the ownership of vacuum cleaners and refrigerators reached 100%, and they showed an absolute plateau between 2000 and 2019. However, in 2019, only approximately 75% of homes had a washing machine.
Regarding the number of hours of housework per week, per household, it had been generally decreasing throughout the period, with 50 hours spent in 1920 and 10 hours in 2019, respectively.
The line graphs illustrate the alterations in ownership of three electrical devices (washing machine, refrigerator and vacuum cleaner) and the duration of time spent doing house chores in a certain country from 1920 to 2019.
Overall, the percentage of households owning electrical appliances increased significantly during the period, despite a slight decrease in washing machine ownership. In addition, the number of hours spent for house chores showed a dramatic decline between 1920 and 1960, and then sustained a slower decrease up to 2019.
In 1920, households mainly purchased washing machines, followed by vacuum cleaner ( accounting for 40% and 30%, respectively). In contrast, refrigerators accounted for 0%, indicating no purchases. Moreover, the proportion of ownership of kitchen appliances showed similar ownership levels, around 60% and 50%, in 1940, meaning that refrigerator purchases increased rapidly over the period. Additionally, the usage rates of the appliances continued their upward trend by the year 1960. At the same time, the weekly hours allocated to house chores plummeted by 30 hours to 20 hours from 1920 to 1960.
Furthermore, the usage of refrigerator peaked at 100% by the year 1980, and then levelled off until 2019. Similarly, vacuum cleaner ownership reached its peak by 1980 before plateauing until 2019. Conversely, the proportion of washing machine purchases saw a moderate rise from 1980 to 2019, reaching its highest level at slightly over than 70%. Meanwhile, the hours invested in house duties sustained its downward trend, dropping to its lowest point of 10 hours by the year 2019.
The given diagram illustrates how many families owned electrical appliances and how much time they spent on housework each week in one country from 1920 to 2019.
Overall, there are two charts. The first chart describes the proportion of households with different appliances, namely washing machines, refrigerators, and vacuum cleaners, while the second chart shows the average number of hours spent on housework per week over the same time period.
In the first chart, there is a clear upward trend for refrigerators and vacuum cleaners, while washing machines show fluctuations. In 1920, no household owned a refrigerator, but this figure rose sharply to 55% in 1940 and reached 90% by 1960. From 1980 onwards, refrigerator ownership remained steady at 100%. Similarly, vacuum cleaners started at 30% in 1920, reached 90%, and became stable from 2000 to 2012 at 100%. The ownership of washing machines, however, followed a less consistent trend. In 1920, it began with the highest percentage, at 40% of households, rising to 60% in 1940. After gradually increasing to 70% in 1960, the figure fell slightly to 62% in 1980. Nevertheless, the ownership recovered, climbing back to 70% in 2000 and finishing at 75% in 2019.
Chart two shows the number of hours per week spent on housework in each household. In 1920, about half of the population did housework; this gradually fell each year until it reached 10% in 2019.
In today’s world, everyone is interested in learning about the previous owners and the story of the house where they live. I firmly believe that the reason behind this is people’s curiosity, which leads individuals to approach various government departments to learn about it.
The main cause of this trend is people’s never-ending desire to learn new knowledge. In the same way, it is not easy to change or buy a house; thus, before taking that financial responsibility, people are curious to hear about the house. It is clear that not everyone is interested in hearing about the real story of the house they live in and learning about the home’s conditions; however, there are still many who seek to hear about proper information. Furthermore, people do this background check to find out hidden answers to their questions. For example, it is common to see that after investigating the building, families can change their decision about buying that apartment or house.
There are several ways to do the research. Firstly, the most known way is having a conversation with the owner, and it is usually a trust-based approach; a person can decide to believe or not. Secondly, another way is to hire professional handymen to do research around the house and to find out what kinds of problems exist. As a last option, a person might directly apply to the government’s special departments or city councils where the building or home is located to learn about the house’s history in case of any damage, criminal, or other problems seen there. Moreover, for the last two options of research, individuals or families might pay an extra fee for getting that historical background check.
To sum up, nowadays, purchasing a property costs a lot, so it is people’s right to learn about the house’s history before they buy. Additionally, this kind of research can be done in collaboration with the owner, a professional, and the city council.
The given line graphs represent the changes in ownership of three different electrical gadgets—washing machine, refrigerator, and vacuum cleaner—and the number of hours spent on housework and household chores from 1920 to 2019, in one country.
Overall, at the beginning of the period, while the refrigerator was in last place, in 80 years it reached its peak. However, in the first given year, people did more housework per week, while at the end of the period it reached its minimum hours per household.
To begin, in 1920, while the washing machine and vacuum cleaner were at similar levels of usage, with 40% and 30% respectively; nevertheless, the refrigerator’s popularity was 0% among the people. In the following forty years, in 1960, while the washing machine and vacuum cleaner were the same and stood at 70%, the refrigerator climbed to 90%, and from 1980 to 2000, it remained stable at 100%. Moreover, the washing machine saw slight changes during this period and stayed at 75%, while the vacuum cleaner saw a sudden change and increased to the maximum percentage of 100% by the end of the given year.
To continue, the time spent doing housework was at its highest percentage in 1920, at 50%. Additionally, washing clothes, preparing meals, and cleaning took up more than half of people’s time per week, and it saw a remarkable decrease until 2019. In 1960, people started to spend exactly half the time compared with previous years, and between 1980 and 2000, it maintained the same level at 15%. In the final year—in 2019—the percentage of time went down, and individuals spent around 10% of their valuable time doing household chores per week.
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