The diagram illustrates the process of producing sugar from sugar cane.
Overall, it is a linear, seven-stage process that begins with the cultivation of sugar cane and ends with the production of refined sugar crystals. The initial stages are agricultural, while the later stages involve industrial processing.
The process starts with the growth of sugar cane, which takes approximately 12 to 18 months to reach maturity. Once fully grown, the crop is harvested either manually by workers or mechanically using specialized equipment. Once harvested, the canes are fed into a crushing machine resulting in the extraction of rav juice.
Following extraction, the juice is purified by passing it through a limestone filter. The clarified liquid is then heated in an evaporator to remove excess water, resulting in a thick syrup. This syrup is subsequently transferred to a centrifuge, where rapid spinning separates sugar crystals from the remaining liquid.
In the final stage the crystals are dried and cooled in a large container, producing the finished sugar product ready for consumption.