The diagram compares two different architectural strategies for houses in two different climate conditions.
Overall, cool climate houses focus on retaining warmth using insulation and reducing heat loss whereas houses for warm climate prioritize minimizing heat gain and improving ventilation.
To build houses for cool climate, building materials that stores heat well are utilized. Additionally, insulation that prevents heat loss is installed to the walls and the roof of the building. Thermal building materials are applied in the construction of these houses to maintain a stable indoor temperature in cold climates. Finally, a window is built in the direction of the sun and the shape of the roof is steeply angled, both allowing to an increased exposure to the heat.
As for houses designed for warm conditions, their roofs have wide overhangs, which hinder sunlight warming the interior of the buildings. Furthermore, external insulation on the walls does not allow heat entering the building. Lastly, windows are closed tightly during the day not to let sunlight get inside, whereas they are opened at night to cool down the house.