Process Diagram

Band 8+: The diagram below shows how an igloo was made out of snow

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Image for topic: The diagram below shows how an igloo was made out of snow

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The image illustrates an igloo construction process in eight stages: 1) use snow saw on hard packed snow; 2) cut and place blocks to form a 4-meter diameter base; 3) arrange blocks into a dome; 4) add blocks upward to form the igloo's structure; 5) use loose snow for chinking; 6) complete the exterior dome; 7) create air holes inside; 8) finalize the igloo with entrance, using key showing S for small block, L for large block.

Given the complexity of the image, the above description may not be entirely accurate.

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The diagram illustrates the process of making an igloo out of snow.

Overall, this process consists of eight steps, starting from cutting the snow and ending with entering the igloo. Notably, the process can be divided into two main phases, such as constructing the overall structure and finishing the small details.

Regarding the phase of overall structure construction, a snow saw is used to cut down hard packed snow into small and large blocks. After that, the large blocks are built into a 4-diameter circle, leaving a small gap for an entrance. Small blocks are then arranged on that circle into a dome. The structure of the igloo is formed when some blocks are added upward to form a rooftop.

Turning to the phase of finishing every small detail, people first use loose snow for chinking, in which they fill the snow into small gaps between the blocks. Next, snow blocks are built into the shape of a hole, which acts as an entrance to the inside of the igloo. A drill is subsequently used to create a small hole in the interior, allowing the air to go inside the igloo. Finally, people enter the entrance to go inside the igloo.

Word Count: 201

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Overall Band Score

(+/- 0.5)

Vocabulary Complexity:
B1 - Intermediate
Using more sophisticated words could be beneficial.

Grammar Mistakes: N/A

Vocabulary Repetition:

small: 7

igloo: 6

blocks: 6

process: 3

structure: 3

entrance: 3

inside: 3

Try using synonyms for the above words

Task Response

The report appropriately addresses the task by describing the igloo construction process in a clear, logical sequence. It provides an overview and divides the process into two main phases, which is effective. However, there are a few inaccuracies and omissions: the base diameter is stated as '4-diameter' instead of '4-meter diameter,' and the final step is described as 'entering the igloo' rather than 'finalizing the igloo with an entrance.' Additionally, the description of creating air holes is slightly imprecise ('a drill is subsequently used' is not mentioned in the visual). To improve, ensure all key details from the diagram are accurately represented and avoid adding unverified information. Overall, the response is well-structured and covers the main stages, but minor lapses in accuracy and completeness prevent it from achieving a higher score.

Coherence & Cohesion

The report is well-organized and logically structured, with a clear overall introduction and a division into two main phases. The use of cohesive devices such as 'Regarding the phase of...' and 'Turning to the phase of...' helps the reader follow the sequence. However, there are minor lapses in cohesion, such as the phrase 'a 4-diameter circle' which could be more precise, and the final sentence 'people enter the entrance to go inside the igloo' is slightly repetitive. Overall, the message is easy to follow, and paragraphing is managed well.

Lexical Resource

The report demonstrates a good range of vocabulary appropriate for the task, including terms like 'hard packed snow', 'chinking', 'dome', and 'rooftop'. The language is generally accurate and natural. However, there is room for more sophisticated lexical choices, such as using 'construct' instead of 'make' in the introduction, and 'excavate' or 'carve' instead of 'create' for the air hole. The phrase 'a 4-diameter circle' is slightly awkward and could be improved to 'a circle with a diameter of 4 meters'. Overall, the vocabulary is effective but not fully flexible. Boost vocabulary complexity to elevate the overall score.

Grammatical Range & Accuracy

The report uses a variety of sentence structures, including complex sentences and passive constructions, which are appropriate for a process description. Grammar and punctuation are largely accurate, with only minor issues such as the missing unit in '4-diameter' and the slightly awkward phrasing 'people enter the entrance'. The overall grammatical control is strong, but there is a slight lack of variety in some sentence openings. The report is clear and error-free for the most part.

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