The picture illustrates some design principles to build an energy-efficient dwelling and the way they function in various climates.
Overall, the whole house is designed with certain adjustments to the roof, wall and underground floors to become environmentally friendly.
Regarding the details, a skylight is installed in the roof system, which is opened in warm climate to release hot air to the outside. In addition, reflective roof materials are used to prevent the inward flow of heat, thereby keeping the building’s interior cooler. In cold climate, by contrast, the use of a triple-glazed skylight maximizes light and heat entering the house. The inside of the building is also insulated so that the heat is prevented from passing through the walls and ceiling. These principles keep the building warm.
Turning to underground floors, in hot weather conditions, it is protected from the sun, while in colder climate, heat retention mechanisms are integrated into it so as to retain warmth inside the basement level.