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The image displays a three-stage diagram illustrating sand dune formation, accompanied by a legend and a caption. The legend defines symbols for Wind, Sand Particle, Wet Sand, and Dry Ground. In the first stage, wind transports 5 airborne sand particles, with 3 landing on a patch of wet sand that has 6 existing particles, and 2 landing on a second patch with 3 existing particles. In the second stage, the first pile has grown to approximately 14 particles, deflecting more windborne particles towards the second pile, which now has 6 particles. In the third stage, the first pile has become a large dune of approximately 36 particles, while the second has become a smaller dune of approximately 16 particles. The caption reads: '*Sand dune: sand gradually formed in deserts / on coast.'
Given the complexity of the image, the above description may not be entirely accurate.
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The illustration shows the process of how sand dunes are formed.
Overall, dunes are created when wind transports loose sand particles and deposits them in certain areas, gradually building up into elevated landforms. This process typically occurs in deserts or coastal regions.
At the initial stage, strong winds lift dry sand grains and move them by bouncing or rolling. These particles accumulate on areas of wet sand where their movement slows down. In the next stage, additional grains continue to be blown by the wind and settle around the existing small clusters. These heaps then act as the foundation for dune development.
Finally, larger amounts of sand are deposited, resulting in the formation of stable dunes. Wet sand provides the base, while the dry sand carried by wind forms the upper layers. As a result, distinctive sandy mounds, common in coastal zones and deserts, are created.
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