The line graph below illustrates the demographic trends of birth, population, and death rates in Scotland over the last eight decades.
The most common trend is the decrease from 1940 to 2020 in the three trends. The birth rate, for example, fell steadily from 2.5 % to 2% in 1945, and then it rose slightly the next five years to 2.3%, followed by gradual decrease to 0.5% till 2020. The reason behind this noticeable fall of birth rates is likely the family planning.
The population growth rates started just under 1% in 1940 to 1943, before surging for the next ten years reaching 1.5%. However, it declined gently to 0% in 2005. There was a steady decline in death rates from 1.5% to 5% in 1995, and then leveling off till 2010 before growing again. It is expected that death rates to continue rising maybe because of infectious diseases.
A significant trend from1945 to 1955 is that while the birth and population rates were going up, the death rates were dropping. This might happened due to the improvement of the health care then. On the other hand, the birth and the population rates were falling in 2000, the death rates were increasing.
Overall, the graph shows trends of three aspects of Scottish population for 80 years marking the rises and the drops of these trends. The shared characteristic is the general decline except the death rates in 2020.