The two given charts illustrate how the population of England and Wales changed over the period from 1700 to 2000. One chart provides information about population size, while the other shows the birth and death rates per 1,000 people in the same period.
Overall, what stands out in the first graph is that the population increased steadily throughout the entire period. In contrast, the second chart indicates that both the birth and death rates peaked in 1800. It is also notable that the birth rate remained consistently higher than the death rate across all centuries.
Looking at the details, in the 18th century, the population was at its lowest, with just under 10 million. By the year 1800, the birth and death rates reached their highest points, at approximately 23 and 17 per 1,000 people, respectively. Although both rates peaked in that year, the population only reached around 15 million, making it the second lowest population level overall.
Additionally, in the 20th and 21st centuries, both birth and death rates remained relatively stable. The birth rate ranged from about 15 to 10 per 1,000, while the death rate declined from around 10 to 5. Despite these moderate rates, the population rose significantly during this period. In particular, by the year 2000, the population surpassed 40 million, marking the highest figure across the entire timeframe.