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The image contains two flowcharts titled "The Vicious Circle of Poverty - at the institutional level" and "The Vicious Circle of Poverty - at the individual level." The top flowchart has four components in a circular arrangement starting with "Low population density," leading to "Lack of critical mass for services and infrastructure," followed by "Low rate of business creation," then "Fewer jobs," and circling back to "Workers move away." The bottom flowchart also has four components arranged circularly, starting with "Low income, low assets & low education," leading to "Lack of capital & needed skills," followed by "Lower capacity to generate income," then "Low security against economic & health risks," and circling back to "In debt & further loss of income." The charts do not include any numerical data points/percentages.
Given the complexity of the image, the above description may not be entirely accurate.
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The given flow diagram illustrates how poverty viciously reproduces itself both at the institutional and individual levels. Overall, it can be seen that on both levels poverty goes through five stages.
As regards the institutional level, poverty is caused firstly by the lack of a high population density, which is responsible for the lack of an amount of people big enough to built services and infrastructure. This means that the rate of business creation decreases and, consequently, also the amount of jobs available decreases. Beacuse of less jobs, people are forced to move away further reducing the population density and in this way the cycle goes on.
On the other hand, poverty at the individual level starts with an income, assets and education not high enough to guarantee the capital and skills needed to generate income. This is responsible for the lack of security against economic and health risk, which caused debt and further loss of income and, consequently, the vicious cyrcle goes on
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