The line graph compares the percentages of the populations living in cities in the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia between 1970 and 2020, with projections for 2030 and 2040.
Overall, the proportion of people living in cities increased in all four countries over the period, although the Philippines experienced a notable decline after 1990. Malaysia recorded the highest figures for most of the period and is expected to remain the most urbanised country by 2040, whereas Thailand had the lowest proportion at the beginning.
In Malaysia, the proportion of urban residents rose steadily from approximately 30% in 1970 to 48% in 1990. It then increased more sharply, reaching around 61% in 2000 and 71% in 2010. The upward trend is projected to continue, with the figure expected to reach approximately 84% by 2040. Indonesia also experienced substantial growth, although from a much lower starting point. Its urban population increased from around 15% in 1970 to 30% in 2000 and then rose rapidly to about 52% in 2020. It is forecast to reach roughly 64% by 2040.
The Philippines showed a different pattern. Starting at approximately 32% in 1970, the figure rose to nearly 50% in 1990 before declining to around 42% in 2010. However, it subsequently recovered and is predicted to increase to about 55% by 2040. Thailand began with the lowest proportion, at around 18%, and increased gradually to approximately 30% in 1990. After remaining relatively stable until 2010, the figure is expected to rise more rapidly, reaching around 50% by 2040.