the diagram illustrate thenprocess of manufacturing pencils,beginning with the production of graphite leads and eding with the creation of finished pencils.
Overal, the process consists of two main stages: making the pencil leads and producting the wooden cases. These are then combined and shaped to form the final product.
To begin with, ground graphite is mixed with clay and water to form a thick paste. This mixture is pressed into long rods in a forming press, creating the pencil leads. The leads are then moved to a drying unit, where they are left until all moisture evaporates.
The second part of the process involves preparing the wooden cases. Wooden planks are initially cut into narrow slats. These slats are baked in an oven at approximately 800C. After heating, grooves are cut into the slats, and the dried leads are placed inside these grooves. Another slat is then placed on top, forming a sandwich structure.
In the final stage, the combined wooden layers pass though a shaping machine, which cuts and smooths the material into individual pencils. Once shaped and polished, the pencils are ready for use.